兰科菌根的生态学研究进展

兰科植物(Orchidaceae)是典型的菌根植物,自然条件下其种子的成功萌发和生长的早期阶段对菌根真菌有绝对的依赖性,在有些成年兰科植物中菌根真菌仍起着重要的作用。目前大部分兰科植物已为濒危物种,鉴于兰科植物天然的菌根共生关系,开展兰科植物和菌根真菌互作的生态学研究不仅具有极高的科研价值,更有助于兰科植物的物种保护和野生种群的生态恢复。近年研究表明,兰科植物对真菌的选择和二者共生关系的建立与菌根真菌的空间分布和丰度密切相关,然而当前对自然环境中兰科菌根真菌的实际分布还了解甚少,因此文章从生态学角度系统分析兰科植物与菌根真菌的关系,探讨该领域的研究热点,旨在为兰科菌根的生态学研究提供参考。

Ecological research of orchid mycorrhizae: a review

Orchidaceae are typical mycorrhizal plants. Most orchid species are dependent on mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination and growth during seedling stage even grown stage of some orchid species. At present, most orchid plants are endangered species. Ecological researches of interaction between orchids and mycorrhizal fungi are of high scientific value for protection of orchid species and restoration of their wild populations. Recent researches indicated that the recruitment and establishment of symbiotic relationship is closely related to the spatial distribution and abundance of mycorrhizal fungi. However, at present the actual distribution of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in natural conditions is still inadequately known. This paper ecologically analyzes the relationship between orchid plants and mycorrhizal fungi and reviews the hotspot in this field, providing a reference for ecological research of orchid mycorrhizae.