粗毛栓菌菌丝球非灭菌条件下对12种染料的脱色研究

以新型白腐真菌——粗毛栓菌Trametes gallica为材料,研究了优化后的该菌菌丝球在非灭菌条件下对直接染料、中性染料、三苯甲烷类染料以及蒽醌类染料共12种染料的脱色能力、脱色机制,以及pH、温度、染料初始浓度等参数对该菌菌丝球脱色效果的影响。结果表明,优化条件下制备的粗毛栓菌菌丝球脱色活力良好,4℃下保存20d后仍保持有原脱色活力的95%;活菌丝球比死菌丝球对染料具有更强的耐受性和更好的脱色效果;非灭菌条件下活菌丝球对12种染料的适宜脱色条件为pH3.0–5.0、25℃、染料浓度为50mg/L、处理36–60h,该条件下粗毛栓菌菌丝球在60h内脱色率均在55%以上,其中粗毛栓菌菌丝球对亚甲基蓝脱色率最高可达到96.40%。紫外可见光谱分析和显微观察结果表明,48h内粗毛栓菌菌丝球在非灭菌条件下对12种染料的脱色是由吸附引起,无二次污染物的产生。粗毛栓菌的这些优良特性显示了其在工业染料废水处理中的广阔应用前景。

Decolorization of 12 kinds of dyes by the mycelium pellets of Trametes gallica under non–sterile condition

The optimized mycelium pellets of Trametes gallica, a white-rot fungus, was used to study the decolorization capability and mechanism of 12 kinds of dyes including direct dyes, neutral dyes, anthraquinone dyes and triphenyl-methane dyes, under non-sterile condition. The effects of several parameters such as decolorization period, pH, temperature, dyes’ initial concentration on the decolorization of dyes by the mycelium pellets were also studied. The results indicated that the mycelial pellets of Trametes gallica prepared under optimized conditions had a high decoloriztion activity, which still maintained 95% of the original activity after 20d storage at 4℃. Live mycelial pellets had greater tolerance to dyes and higher decolorization efficiency as compared with dead ones. The optimal environment for the live mycelium pellets to decolorize the 12 kinds of dyes under non-sterile condition was: pH 3.0–5.0, temperature 25℃, dyes’ initial concentration 50mg/L and treatment time 36–60h. Under such an enviroment the decolorization ratio was over 55% for all kinds of dyes, and even reached 96.40% within 60h for methylene blue. Both UV-visible spectra and microscopic observation showed that, in 48h, the decolorization of dyes was mainly caused by absorption, and thus no secondary pollutants were generated. The excellent characteristics of Trametes gallica showed its extensive application prospects in the treatment of industrial wastewater.