基因组数据揭示肺形侧耳X1野生菌株后代单孢的特异交配型位点

肺形侧耳味道鲜美,营养丰富,深受广大消费者喜爱。它属于四极性异宗结合担子菌,但其交配型位点结构仍未被解析。本研究利用二代测序技术对肺形侧耳的基因组进行测序,通过生物信息学方法找到了肺形侧耳野生菌株X1菌株后代单核菌株的交配型位点。结果显示肺形侧耳的A交配型位点较为特异,2株原生质体单核化菌株（X1-1和X1-15）的A交配型位点结构差异较大,X1-1含一对保守的HD1和HD2基因,而X1-15除了一对HD1和HD2基因外,还含有额外的2个HD2基因和1个HD1基因。肺形侧耳的B交配型位点与其他担子菌的交配型位点相似,含有8个信息素受体基因和1个信息素前体基因。本研究揭示的肺形侧耳特异的交配型位点结构为后期的遗传育种提供了理论依据。

Genomic data reveal unique structures of the mating loci of the progeny of Pleurotus pulmonarius wild-type strain X1

Pleurotus pulmonarius is a tetrapolarity heterothallic fungus, but the structure of its mating loci has not yet been resolved, causing troubles in breeding of the fungus. In this study, the genome of P. pulmonarius was sequenced by second generation sequencing technology, and mating type loci of progeny of the wild variety X1 were searched by bioinformatics method. The results showed that A mating loci of P. pulmonarius were specific and the structure of A mating loci in two protoplast mononucleated strains (X1-1 and X1-15) was quite different. X1-1 contained a pair of conservative HD1 and HD2 genes, while X1-15 contained two additional HD2 genes and one HD1 gene in addition to a pair of HD1 and HD2 genes. The B mating type locus of P. pulmonarius is similar to that of other basidiomycetes, containing eight pheromone receptor genes and one pheromone precursor gene. The specific mating-locus structure of P. pulmonarius revealed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for later genetic study and breeding of the fungus.