冬虫夏草无性型研究概况*

文献调查结果表明与冬虫夏草有关的无性型菌种已报道有22个学名,涉及13个属。针对这些名称上存在的命名问题本文展开了讨论,并评述了不同名称与冬虫夏草的关系及其有关菌种的研究进展。在已报道的分离菌种中,作为新种正式描述的名称有8个,其中6个为合格发表,其余2个未能满足名称合格发表的条件;还有4个名称在文献中作为新种提到,但没有合格发表的出处,也有一例只提到名称而无其他要素;另有5个名称则只有属名,尚未鉴定到种的水平。中国被毛孢为多个独立的研究证明为冬虫夏草的无性型,还有3个无性型名称已被证明不可能是冬虫夏草的无性型。其他无性型名称与冬虫夏草的关系有待进一步验证。文中对与冬虫夏草有关的菌种定名、无性型分离和验证方法、复无性型现象,以及有关学名问题作了讨论。

ANAMORPHIC FUNGI RELATED TO CORDYCEPS SINENSIS

A review of research on Cordyceps sinensis anamorph is presented in this paper. Some 2000 publications, most in Chinese, were surveyed. Twenty-two names in 13 different genera have been shown to be related to the anamorph of C. sinensis or used for isolates from collections of the fungus. Summary of literature on current research status of these anamorphic fungi is provided under each of the names. It is further concluded, based on previous nomenclature study (Jiang & Yao, 2002), that eight anamorphic names were proposed as new, including six valid and two invalid names and that four names were mentioned as new species but lacking formal publication. There are five isolates that have been given a generic name with no species identification. Several independent molecular researches have suggested Hirsutella sinensis to be the anamorph of Cordyceps sinensis. Three names are proved not to be the anamorph of C. sinensis. The other names remain to be proved. Methods for isolation and for anamorph confirmation, identification of isolates, pleoanamorphism and scientific names are also discussed.