飞虱虫疠霉分生孢子在不同温湿度组合条件下的存活率*

用荧光染色法研究了不同温度（１０～３０℃）和湿度（５１～１００％ＲＨ）组合条件下飞虱虫疠 霉 Ｐａｎｄｏｒａ ｄｅｌｐｈａｃｉｓ分生孢子的存活率。在无放回抽样观察中，孢子弹射后第２４ ｈ的存活 率在５１％、７４％、８５％、９０％、９５％和１００％ＲＨ与不同温度的组合中分别为４２～８１％、６９～８９％、７０～ ９５％、 ６７～１００％、 ７６～１００％和 ５６～１００％。存放４个月后，不同温度下的孢子存活率在 ５１％、 ７４％、 ８５％和 ９０％ＲＨ下分别为 ５５～７４％、 ５２～８７％、 ３８～７３％和 １～６５％。而在≥９５％ ＲＨ下孢子存活率 ２４ｈ 后锐减，至第７ ｄ几乎全部失活。以上结果表明，弹射后的飞虱虫疠霉孢子在头２４ ｈ的存活 易受低湿影响，但存活下来的孢子能继续在低湿下存活较久；饱和或接近饱和的高湿度最不 利孢子长久存活。

IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY ON PERSISTENCE OF PRIMARY CONIDIA OF THE ENTOMOPHTHORACEOUS FUNGS, PANDORA DELPHACIS

A fluorescence microscopy on a basis of fluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide was used to investigate the persistence of primary conidia of Pandora delphacis (Entomophthorales) at combinated regimes of temperature (10～30℃) and relative humidity (51～100% RH). Examination of the conidia on glass coverslips sampled 24 h after discharge resulted in a survival rate of 42～81% at 51% RH, 69～89% at 74% RH, 70～95% at 85% RH, 67～100% at 90% RH, 76～100% at 95% RH, and 56～100% at 100% RH, respectively, varying with different temperature. Maintained at 10～30℃ for 4 mon, the rate of survial conidia remained 55～74% at 51%RH, 52～87% at 74% RH, 38～73% at 85% RH, and 1～65% at 90% RH, respectively. However, 7 d after discharge, few conidia were found surviving at 95% RH regardless of the temperature. The results indicate that the first 24 h after discharge was crucial to longer survival of P. delphacis conidia at the humidity of 74% RH whereas saturated or nearly saturated air was not favorable to their longer survival.