不同生长期草菇提取物的生物活性研究

对草菇不同生长期的菌丝体及子实体分别用95%乙醇提取,对获得的5个提取物进行了化学成分定性检验、HPLC图谱分析和体外抗肿瘤、抑制DPP-IV酶的活性研究。结果表明：草菇不同生长期的菌丝体及子实体中均含有生物碱、有机酸、甾类（或三萜）、糖类、氨基酸（蛋白）等物质。草菇4个生长期的菌丝体醇提物对正常细胞WPMY-1的增殖无抑制作用而对3种肿瘤细胞L1210、SW620、K562全部或部分的增殖有一定的抑制作用。说明这4个生长期的菌丝体醇提物具有抗肿瘤活性。子实体95%醇提物对肿瘤细胞L1210、SW620、K562和正常细胞WPMY-1的增殖均具有抑制作用,说明该部分可能具有细胞毒性。草菇不同生长期的菌丝体和子实体提取物均有一定抑制DPP-IV酶的活性,其中生长2周的菌丝体醇提物对DPP-IV酶的抑制活性较强,IC₅₀值达到0.32mg/mL,该结果说明生长2周的草菇菌丝体具有最佳的抗肿瘤和降血糖潜力。

Biological activities of organic solvent extract from Volvariella volvacea at different growth stages

Five kinds of extract were obtained from fruiting bodies and mycelia of Volvariella volvacea by using 95% ethanol as solvent. The characteristic components in each extract were analyzed by coloring reaction combined with thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antitumor activities and hypoglycemic activities in vitro were examined for each extract. The result indicated that compounds such as alkaloids, organic acids, steroids (or triterpenes), amino acids (proteins) and sugar existed in fruiting bodies and mycelia at four different growth stages. Mycelial extract from four different growth stages showed no inhibition to WPMY-1 normal cells but could wholly or partly inhibit the proliferation of L1210, SW620, K562 tumor cells. It was indicated that mycelial extract had antitumor activities. Extract from fruiting bodies showed inhibition to L1210, SW620, and K562 tumor cells and WPMY-1 normal cells, demonstrating that the extract had cytotoxicity. Mycelial extract at 2 week growth stage showed strong inhibitory activity to DPP-IV enzyme at IC₅₀ of 0.32mg/mL. These results indicated that mycelial extract at 2 week growth stage had the highest antitumor activity and hypoglycemic activity.