猴头菌粉与5-氨基水杨酸联用抑制小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎并提高肠道共生菌Parabacteroides distasonis丰度

猴头菌Hericium erinaceus是一种药食同源真菌,广泛应用于治疗胃肠道疾病,可采用液态发酵技术规模化量产获得菌丝体粉。本研究旨在分析猴头发酵菌粉（HE,300mg/kg/d）与5-氨基水杨酸（5-aminosalicylic acid,5-ASA,150mg/kg/d）联用对葡聚糖硫酸钠（dextran sodium sulfate,DSS）诱导的小鼠结肠炎的治疗作用。HE和5-ASA能够减轻小鼠急性溃疡性结肠炎症状,包括减轻体重的降低率和疾病活动指数评分（DAI）。HE和5-ASA联用可以显著抑制小鼠结肠组织炎症,通过降低肿瘤坏死因子-α（Tnf-α）和白细胞介素-β（Il-β）基因的表达。此外,利用16S rRNA基因测序技术对小鼠盲肠微生物群落组成及结构进行分析。HE与5-ASA联用可以重塑肠道微生态环境,并显著提高狄氏副拟杆菌Parabacteroides distasonis相对丰度。人体粪便体外发酵结果证实HE与5-ASA可以增加P. distasonis。综上,HE与5-ASA联用可有效抑制小鼠结肠炎症水平,并调节肠道微生物,可能是通过增加P. distasonis起作用。

Combination of dried powder of Hericium erinaceus mycelia and 5-aminosalicylic acid for treatment of acute ulcerative colitis and increase in abundance of gut commensal Parabacteroides distasonis

Hericium erinaceus is an edible and medicinal fungus, which has been used to treat gastrointestinal disorders and the dried mycelial product can be obtained by expended submerged culture. The effect on the gut microbiota community of H. erinaceus has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, the treatment effect of dried powder of the mycelia of H. erinaceus (HE, 300mg/kg/d) combined with the gold standard drug 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, 150mg/kg/d) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice was evaluated. The result indicated that HE or 5-ASA attenuated acute colitis evidenced by the reduction of body weight loss and DAI score. The HE and 5-ASA combination treatment significantly inhibited the inflammatory response by lowering tumor necrosis factor (Tnf-α) and interleukin-β (Il-β) gene expression in colon tissues. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that gut microbiota composition in mice was changed by the combination treatment, and the richness of colonic microbes increased and intestinal micro-ecology rebalanced, resulting in an increase of Parabacteroides distasonis in vivo. In vitro fermentation using human fecal as inoculum further demonstrated that HE and 5-ASA increased the abundance of P. distasonis. In conclusion, combination usage of HE with 5-ASA could effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and modulate gut microbiota in colitis probably via raising the abundance of P. distasonis.