植物油对虫霉菌液体培养与保存的作用*

在萨氏营养液（ＳＤＢ）中加入用 ０．１％蔗糖脂肪酸酯－１５（ＳＥ１５）乳化的０．５０％芝麻油，可使在ＳＤＢ中生长慢而结块的新蚜虫疠霉、安徽虫瘟霉、飞虱虫疠毒和根虫瘟霉等四种虫霉的五个菌株形成均匀分散的菌丝体和能稳定转接的菌液。在ＳＤＢ中加入乳化芝麻油 （ ０．２５％～１．５％）、菜籽油（ ０．５０％～１．５％）和色拉油（ ８０％花生油和 ２０％菜籽油，０．７５％～１．５％），能明显提高新蚜虫疠霉Ｆ９８０１８的生物量；而在ＳＤＢ中加入０．５０％乳化芝麻油，可使液培菌丝产孢量增加近一倍；在ＳＤＢ中加入的三种植物油（０．７５％），在Ｆ９８０１８生长４ｄ后，含量分别下降了８５％～９４％，但其中脂肪酸相对组成基本不变，表明该菌生长能充分利用植物油中各脂肪酸。用萨氏培养基（ ＳＤＡＹ）、加入 ０．５０％乳化芝麻油的 ＳＤＡＹ（ ＯＳ－ＳＤＡＹ）和牛奶蛋黄培养基（ＳＥＭＡ）培养安徽虫瘟霉Ｆ９７０２８和新蚜虫疠霉Ｆ９８０２８，两菌株在ＳＥＭＡ上生长最快；在ＯＳ－ＳＤＡＹ以较慢速度正常生长；而在ＳＤＡＹ上，两菌株或不能生长，或在第二次培养时出现明显退化。用ＳＥＭＡ和ＯＳ－ＳＤＡＹ在３℃下来保存上述四种虫霉的七个菌株，在ＯＳ－ＳＤＡＹ上?

EFFECT OF PLANT OILS ON LIQUID CULTURE AND PRESERVATION OF ENTOMOPHTHORALEAN FUNGI

Sesame oil (0.50%) emulsified by (0.1%, W/V) Sucrose Fatty Acid Esters (SE-15), were added into Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB), facilitating five isolates of Pandora neophidis, P. delphacis, Zoophthora anhuiensis and Z radicans to develop a homogenous mycelia unclumping and subculturable. For P. neoaphidis F98018, the biomass were obviously improved after addition of emulsified sesame oil (0.25%~1.5%), rapeseed oil (0.50%~1.5%) and salad oil (0.75%~1.5%, 80% peanut oil and 20% rapeseed oil) in SDB, and sporulation of mycelium mats was also improved by nearly 100% after addition of 0.50% emulsified sesame oil in SDB. When the concentration of sesame oil, rapeseed oil or salad oil in SDB was 0.75%, after 4 day's growth of p. neoaphidis F98018, the volume of oils decreased by 85%~94%, while the percentages of fatty acids in the oils remained constant. The result indicated the fungus could uptake all of the fatty acids in plant oils comprehensively and without any selectivity. Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDAY), SDAY added with 0.5% emulsified sesame oil (OS-SDAY), and Sabouraud egg yolk-milk agar (SEMA) were used comparatively to culture P. neoaphidis F98028 and Z anhuiensis F97028. The two he were subculturable on SEMA (most favorably) and OS-SDAY (slower than on SEMA), While on SDAY, Z anhuiensis F97028 could not grow, and P. neoaphidis F98018 showed degenerated growth at the second subculture. The media of SEMA and OS-SDAY were used to preserve seven isolates of P. neoaphidis, P. delphacis, Z anhuiensis, and Z radicans, all of the fungi on OS-SDAY remained alive after 9 months, While five isolates on SEMA died. Meanwhile P. neoaphidis F98028 and Z anhuiensis F97028 didn't show degeneration or alteration of growth and colonial morphology after 9 months of preservation on os-SDAY.