Degradation of bisphenol A and nonylphenol by nitrifying activated sludge |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemical Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea;3. Division of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Kangwon 220-710, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;2. Wessex Water, Bath BA2 7WW, UK;1. Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;3. School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia;4. Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;1. Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Klong 6, Pathum Thani 12110, Thailand;2. Excellent Center of Waste Utilization and Management (ECoWaste), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand;3. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Bangkok 10150, Thailand;4. Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Technology (RSET), Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;5. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand;1. Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York, NY 12201-0509, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, 1201 Jesse D Jones Hall, Murray, KY 42071, USA;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal, 576 104, India;4. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | Nitrifier-enriched activated sludge was used in batch degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol (NP) to verify if ammonium-oxidizing activity within nitrifiers is responsible for the biodegradation of those compounds. Decreases in both BPA and NP concentrations occurred simultaneously with ammonium (NH4+) oxidation into nitrate (NO3−) by nitrifying sludge. However, when ammonium was replaced by nitrite (NO2−) in the medium, an acclimation period was required prior onset of significant degradation of BPA and NP. In the presence of inhibitors such as allylthiourea or Hg2SO4, BPA and/or NP reduction decreased significantly, implying that removal of BPA and NP was mostly mediated by biological activity rather than by physicochemical adsorption onto sludge flocs. |
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