Apomixis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eulaliopsis binata</Emphasis>: characterization of reproductive mode and endosperm development |
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Authors: | Jia-Ling Yao Yun Zhou Chun-Gen Hu |
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Institution: | (1) College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China |
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Abstract: | Apomixis represents an alteration of classical sexual plant reproduction to produce seeds with essentially clonal embryos,
stimulating wide interest from biologists and plant breeders for its ability to fix heterosis. Eulaliopsis binata (Poaceae), is identified here as a new apomictic species. Embryological investigation indicates that the developmental pattern
of embryo sac formation in E. binata represents gametophytic apospory, the embryo originating from an unreduced cell, without fertilization and the mode of endosperm
development was autonomous. Sexual embryo sacs were found with a frequency of 1–4% depending on the biotype. The DNA content
of nuclei (C-value) in mature seeds was screened by flow cytometry (FCSS) and demonstrated that the endosperm was derived
autonomously without fertilization and the three biotypes of E. binata showed varying degrees of apomixis. The Wide-leaf type showed obligate apomixis whereas the Slender-leaf and the Red-haulm
type displayed facultative apomixis. In addition, adventitious embryos were observed on the wall of ovary, integument and
nucellus cells, indicating that E. binata produces embryos via a mixture of apospory and adventitious embryony. |
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Keywords: | Apomixis Apospory Autonomous endosperm Adventitious embryony Eulaliopsis binata |
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