Vulnerability to strong winds for major tree species in a northern Japanese mixed forest: analyses of historical data |
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Authors: | Toshiya Yoshida and Mahoko Noguchi |
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Institution: | (1) Uryu Experimental Forest, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Moshiri Horokanai, Hokkaido, 074-0741, Japan;(2) Shikoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kochi, Japan |
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Abstract: | This study examined historical census data to evaluate the vulnerability of major tall-tree species in northern Japan to strong
winds. Intensive data, which measured more than 20,000 damaged trees (defined as trees that were killed or lost their major
crown) in >500 ha of a natural mixed forest, were collected immediately after a severe typhoon in 1954. More than half of
the damaged trees had been uprooted, and the negative size-dependency was found for the proportion of uprooting throughout
species. Simple correlation analyses with respect to the averaged species-specific characteristics suggested that tree species
with a high crown-depth/height tended to uproot (against to stem breakage) in a size-class with diameter at breast height
30–50 cm. Although the census data had yielded no information about non-damaged trees, the estimation of pre-disturbed stand
(based on 63 1-ha plot data together with aerial photographs and GIS) revealed that the observed damage reached ca. 25% in
terms of basal area. The proportion of damaged trees seemed to be doubled among species (15–42% in basal area). A higher proportion
of uprooting, which indicates a large supply of tip-up mounds, and mixture of less vulnerable species, might contribute to
recovery process after a wind disturbance in this type of mixed forests. |
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Keywords: | Large typhoon Natural uneven-aged forest Stem breakage Uprooting Wind disturbance |
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