Specialized host-plant performance of the cotton aphid is altered by experience |
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Authors: | Xiang Dong Liu Bao Ping Zhai Xiao Xi Zhang |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China |
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Abstract: | Although distinct host specialization is observed for the cotton-melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) on cotton and cucurbit plants, it is still ambiguous whether the specialization is altered by experience on a novel
host plant. Here the performance of cotton and cucurbit-specialized aphids, A. gossypii on novel host plants was studied by a host-selection test and by the life-table method. The two host-specialized aphids cannot
survive and establish populations after reciprocal host transfers. They have ability to recognize the host plants on which
they were reared, and escape behavior from novel hosts was observed. Interestingly, the cotton and cucurbit-specialized aphids
survive and reproduce normally on hibiscus (Hibiscus syriacus), a main overwintering host plant, and host-fidelity of A. gossypii to cucurbit plants is altered by feeding and living experience on hibiscus, which confers the same capacity to use cotton
and cucumber on to the cucurbit-specialized population, but host-fidelity to cotton is not altered and the fitness of the
cotton specialized population to cucumber is still poorer. A. gossypii from hibiscus has a significant preference for cotton to cucumber in the host-selection process, and none stays on cucumber
more than 20 h after transfer. The results presented imply that cucurbit-specialized aphids might not return to an overwintering
host plant (hibiscus) in wild fields, so host conservatism to cucurbit plants is maintained. The potential of cucurbit-specialized
aphids of A. gossypii to use cotton plants, intermediated by experience on hibiscus, suggests that the specialized host-plant performance of phytophagous
insects is not wholly conservative. |
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Keywords: | Cotton-melon aphid Specialization Host utilization Feeding experience Ecological evolution |
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