Ecophysiological responses of water hyacinth exposed to Cr3+ and Cr6+ |
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| Authors: | Luisa Brito Paiva Jurandi Gonçalves de Oliveira Ricardo A Azevedo Douglas Rodrigues Ribeiro Marcelo Gomes da Silva Angela P Vitória |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociência e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Brazil;3. Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil;4. Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Brazil;1. Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China;2. College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, People’s Republic of China;1. Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials, Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150025, China;2. Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari 61100, Pakistan;2. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;3. MARUM and Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen D-28359, Germany;4. Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, NSW, Australia;5. Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex 9, France;6. Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;1. Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais (LCA), Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense ‘‘Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes, CEP:28013-602 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil;2. Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH), ENSP, FIOCRUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil;1. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;2. The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;1. Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235 West Bengal, India;2. Department of Botany, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, 700126 West Bengal, India;3. Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252 West Bengal, India |
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| Abstract: | Due to its wide industrial use, chromium (Cr) is considered a serious environmental pollutant of aquatic bodies. In order to investigate the ecophysiological responses of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms] to Cr treatment, plants were exposed to 1 and 10 mM Cr2O3 (Cr3+) and K2Cr2O7 (Cr6+) concentrations for two or 4 days in a hydroponic system. Plants exposed to the higher concentration of Cr6+ for 4 days did not survive, whereas a 2 days treatment with 1 mM Cr3+ apparently stimulated growth. Analysis of Cr uptake indicated that most of the Cr accumulated in the roots, but some was also translocated and accumulated in the leaves. However, in plants exposed to Cr6+ (1 mM), a higher translocation of Cr from roots to shoots was observed. It is possible that the conversion from Cr6+ to Cr3+, which immobilizes Cr in roots, was not total due to the presence of Cr6+, causing deleterious effects on gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic pigment contents. Chlorophyll a was more sensitive to Cr than chlorophyll b. Cr3+ was shown to be less toxic than Cr6+ and, in some cases even increased photosynthesis and chlorophyll content. This result indicated that the Fv/F0 ratio was more effective than the Fv/Fm ratio in monitoring the development of stress by Cr6+. There was a linear relationship between qP and Fv/Fm. No statistical differences were observed in NPQ and chlorophyll a/b ratio, but there was a tendency to decrease these values with Cr exposure. This suggests that there were alterations in thylakoid stacking, which might explain the data obtained for gas exchanges and other chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. |
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