Tolerance,accumulation and distribution of zinc and cadmium in hyperaccumulator Potentilla griffithii |
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| Authors: | Peng-Jie Hu Rong-Liang Qiu Palaninaicker Senthilkumar Dan Jiang Zhong-Wei Chen Ye-Tao Tang Feng-Jie Liu |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;3. Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;1. Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India;2. Environmental Monitoring Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India;1. Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India;2. Department of Botany, West Bengal State University, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India;3. Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India;4. Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India;1. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong;1. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia;2. Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia;1. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;2. Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia;3. Université de Lorraine – INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, France;1. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy;2. CeSMA-Centro Servizi Metrologici Avanzati, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy |
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| Abstract: | In this study, zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) tolerance, accumulation and distribution was conducted in Potentilla griffithii H., which has been identified as a new Zn hyperaccumulator found in China. Plants were grown hydroponically with different levels of Zn2+ (20, 40, 80 and 160 mg L?1) and Cd2+ (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg L?1) for 60 days. All plants grew healthy and attained more biomass than the control, except 40 mg L?1 Cd treatment. Zn or Cd concentration in plants increased steadily with the increasing addition of Zn or Cd in solution. The maximum metal concentrations in roots, petioles and leaves were 14,060, 19,600 and 11,400 mg kg?1 Zn dry weight (DW) at 160 mg L?1 Zn treatment, and 9098, 3077 and 852 mg kg?1 Cd DW at 40 mg L?1 Cd treatment, respectively. These results suggest that P. griffithii has a high ability to tolerate and accumulate Cd and Zn, and it can be considered not only as Zn but also as a potential cadmium hyperaccumulator. Light microscope (LM) with histochemical method, scanning electron microscope combined with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to determine the distribution of Zn and Cd in P. griffithii at tissue and cellular levels. In roots, SEM-EDS confirmed that the highest Zn concentration was found in xylem parenchyma cells and epidermal cells, while for Cd, a gradient was observed with the highest Cd concentration in rhizodermal and cortex cells, followed by central cylinder. LM results showed that Zn and Cd distributed mainly along the walls of epidermis, cortex, endodermis and some xylem parenchyma. In leaves, Zn and Cd shared the similar distribution pattern, and both were mostly accumulated in epidermis and bundle sheath. However, in leaves of 40 mg L?1 Cd treatment, which caused the phytotoxicity, Cd was also found in the mesophyll cells. The major storage site for Zn and Cd in leaves of P. griffithii was vacuoles, to a lesser extent cell wall or cytosol. The present study demonstrates that the predominant sequestration of Zn and Cd in cell walls of roots and in vacuoles of epidermis and bundle sheath of leaves may play a major role in strong tolerance and hyperaccumulation of Zn and Cd in P. griffithii. |
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