4个春性基因型小麦品种与‘京841’杂交F_1代的表型分析

选用4个具有不同显性春化基因型的小麦品种与冬性小麦品种‘京841’进行杂交实验,通过显性春化基因特异性PCR分析技术鉴定杂交F1代植株,并分析4个杂交组合的正反交F1代植株表型特性。结果显示,各显性春化基因已经导入到各杂交F1代植株中,且其苗穗期受显性春化基因的控制而有效缩短;3个杂交组合的F1代穗粒数在正反交之间存在显著差异,推测穗粒数受细胞质遗传因素的影响较大,其中以‘新春2号’和‘豫麦18’分别为母本和父本与‘京841’杂交后F1代的穗粒数表现出较强的杂种优势,4个杂交组合的F1代千粒重均表现出较强的杂种优势。

Phenotype Analysis of F_1 Generation Derived from Wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） Crosses between Four Cultivars with Differently Dominant Vernalization Genes and ＇Jing 841＇

Four spring cultivars with differently dominant vernalization genes were used to hybridize with a winter wheat cultivar ‘Jing 841＇.The F1 generation plants were identified by using PCR amplification specific to the dominant VRN1 genes,and some phenotypes of F1 generation plants were also analyzed.The results showed that the dominant allelic VRN1 genes were successfully introduced into the F1 plants and their seedling-heading periods were generally shorted due to the introduction of these dominant allelic sites.In three of four cross combinations,prominent differences of grains per spike were found between reciprocal crosses,which might be due to the cytoplasmic inheritance,and among them,the strong heterosis was observed in two crosses （‘Xinchun 2＇ and‘Yumai 18＇ was used as the mother and father,respectively）.In the four combinations,the character of thousand-grain weight all showed strong heterosis.