基于叶绿素荧光参数的籼型杂交稻杂种优势分析

以籼型杂交稻6个不育系和5个恢复系按不完全双列杂交交配设计的30个杂交稻组合及其亲本品种/系为材料, 对其剑叶的叶绿素荧光参数进行了测定和分析。结果表明： （1）杂交稻亲本和组合间的叶绿素荧光参数均存在极显著的差异, 其中, NPQ和ΦNPQ的变异系数为最大; Fv/Fm的变异系数为最小。（2）不同杂交稻组合ΦNPQ、NPQ和qL的平均值和变异系数均大于其亲本的平均值和变异系数, 表明杂交稻组合光能利用率的杂种优势极其明显, 这将有利于高光能利用率杂交稻组合的配组。（3）杂交稻的Fm、Fv/Fm、ΦNPQ、NPQ和qL具有中亲优势; 其ΦNO具有负向超亲优势; 其ΦPSII、ΦNPQ、NPQ和qL具有正向竞争优势。（4）杂交稻组合的ΦPSII、ΦNPQ和NPQ与其母本值呈显著或极显著水平的正相关关系; 杂交稻组合的ΦPSII、ΦNPQ与其中亲值呈显著或极显著水平的正相关关系。

Heterosis Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters in indica Hybrid Rice

To evaluate the heterosis of chlorophyll fluorescence of flag·Leaves, 30 different hybrid rice combina tions from incomplete diall·L crosses （between six sterile lines and five restorer lines of indica hybrid rice culti vars） were tested. The result showed, （1） There were significant differences （P〈0.01） for the fluorescence parameters among the hybrid rice combinations and among the parents, NPQ and ΦPQ had the biggest coefficient of variation but Fv/Fm had the smallest coefficient of variation. （2） The coefficients of variation and average of ,ΦPQ, NPQ and qL of hybrid rice combinations were bigger than that of the parents. It indicated that it is conducive to breed high light utilization efficiency of hybrid rice combinations for the extensive differences of light utilization efficiency in hybrid rice. （3） Mid-parent heterosis were found in Fm, Fv/Fm, ΦPQ, NPQ and qL and below low-parent heterosis was found in ΦO and positive competitive advantages were found in ΦPSII, qSNPQ, NPQ and qL· （4） ΦSII,ΦNPQ and NPQ of hybrid rice combinations were positively correlated with that parameters of female parent （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, ΦPSII and ΦNPQ had positive correlation with that parameters of mid-parents （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.