一类生物催化剂——氰基耐受型腈水合酶

氰基耐受型腈水合酶是一类生物催化剂。与普通腈水合酶相比,它能够耐受体系中较高浓度的氰基而不受抑制,从而为α-羟(氨)基酰胺的工业化合成开辟了崭新途径。研究腈水合酶的氰基耐受性机理及提高其耐受能力是目前需要解决的关键问题。综述了腈水合酶受氰基抑制的机制,氰基耐受型腈水合酶的发现以及其在蛋氨酸和2-羟基异丁酰胺生物合成中的应用。同时,对今后氰基耐受型腈水合酶基础、应用研究的思路进行了探讨。

A class of biocatalyst: cyanide-resistant nitrile hydratase

Cyanide resistant-nitrile hydratase was a class of biocatalyst.Compared with ordinary nitrile hydratase,it could tolerate high concentrations of the cyanide without inhibition,thus,it opened up a new pathway for the industrial synthesis of α-hydroxyamides and α-aminoamides.Study of the cyanide resistant mechanism of nitrile hydratase and the improvement of the tolerance capacity were the two main problems needed to be solved.The inhibition mechanism of the nitrile hydratase by the cyanide,as well as the discovery of cyanide-resistant nitrile hydratase and the applications in the synthesis of methionine and 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid amide were introduced.The basic ideas for researching cyanide resistant-nitrile hydratase were also discussed.