三级医院急诊科护士灾害护理能力现状及影响因素分析

目的调查国内三级医院急诊科护士灾害护理能力现状及其影响因素。方法采用一般情况资料表、临床护士灾害护理能力评估量表对12个省市、18家三级医院的418名急诊科护士进行问卷调查,并对回收问卷数据进行统计分析。结果急诊护士灾害护理能力总体评分为(114.55±7.70)分,最高分和最低分别为159、93分。得分较高的灾害护理能力层面集中在灾难现场护理协作、心肺复苏、紧急转运、外伤处理、预检分诊、分级救护等;能力欠缺的护理层面主要集中在灾难基础及医学知识、灾害心理护理知识与技能、大规模人群感染控制、脆弱人群护理、灾难护理管理等。学历、年龄、工作年限、灾害救援经历是影响急诊护士灾害护理能力的独立因素。结论三级医院急诊护士灾难护理能力整体处于中等偏下水平,应通过多种形式开展灾害救援知识与护理技能培训,不断提升急诊护士对灾难护理的认知及技能水平,以增强其应对灾害的紧急救援与护理能力。

Analysis on disasters nursing ability situation and influence factors of nurses in emergency department of tertiary hospital

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of emergency nurses'disaster nursing ability in tertiary hospitals of China.Methods 418 nurses in emergency departments from 18 tertiary hospitals in 12 provinces and cities were surveyed by general data sheet and disaster nursing ability assessment scale of clinical nurses,and the collected data were analyzed statistically.Results The overall score of emergency nurses'disaster nursing ability was(114.55±7.70)scores,the highest score and lowest score were respectively 159 and 93 scores.The disaster nursing ability level with high scores focused on the disaster scene nursing cooperation,cardiopulmonary resuscitation,emergency transport,trauma management,pre-examination and triage,graded rescue,etc.The nursing level of the lack of ability mainly focuses on the basic and medical knowledge of disaster,the knowledge and skills of disaster psychological nursing,mass population infection control,vulnerable population nursing,disaster nursing management and so on.Educational background,age,working years and disaster relief experience were the independent factors affecting emergency nurses'disaster nursing ability.Conclusion The overall disaster nursing ability of emergency nurses in tertiary hospitals is below the medium level.Disaster rescue knowledge and nursing skills training should be carried out in various forms to continuously improve the cognition and skill level of emergency nurses in disaster nursing,so as to enhance their emergency rescue and nursing ability in response to disasters.