五步蛇毒对小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探索五步蛇毒对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法将KM小鼠随机分为5组,分别为空白组、五步蛇毒安全范围内低剂量组(30 mg/kg)、五步蛇毒安全范围内中剂量组(60 mg/kg)、五步蛇毒安全范围内高剂量组(120 mg/kg)(以下简称五步蛇毒低、中、高剂量组)以及西洋参组(30 mg/kg),每组10只。各组小鼠每日定时灌胃1次,连续14天。观察小鼠的呼吸、精神状态等生命体征。取小鼠脾脏和胸腺组织称重后,计算小鼠脾脏、胸腺指数;制备脾细胞悬液,采用CCK-8法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖率,碳粒廓清法检测小鼠吞噬系数α,中性红法检测小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率;同时采用二硝基氟苯诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应,检测小鼠耳廓肿胀度。结果小鼠的吞噬系数α在五步蛇毒高剂量组最高(5.56±0.46),高于其余四组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率(%)在五步蛇毒中剂量组和西洋参组中较高,分别为(119.07±19.31)%、(124.79±24.93)%,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。小鼠的B淋巴细胞增殖率(%)在五步蛇毒中剂量组和西洋参组中较高,分别为(105.95±14.59)%、(108.14±10.58)%,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。小鼠的T淋巴细胞增殖率(%)在五步蛇毒中、高剂量组中较高,分别为(119.30±20.07)%、(110.85±23.13)%,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与空白组比较,五步蛇毒中、高剂量组和西洋参组均能显著提高小鼠的耳廓肿胀度,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与空白组比较,五步蛇毒各剂量组和西洋参组均能显著提高小鼠脾脏指数(均P<0.05)。与空白组比较,各实验组胸腺指数均无明显差异(均P>0.05)。结论口服低于120 mg/kg的五步蛇毒对正常小鼠的免疫功能具有一定的增强作用。

Immune Effects of the Deinagkistrodon Acutus Venom in Mice

Objective To explore the effects of the Deinagkistrodon acutus venom on the immune function in normal mice.Methods The KM mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:blank group,low-dose group(30 mg/kg)within the safety range of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom,medium-dose group(60 mg/kg)within the safety range of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom,high-dose group(120 mg/kg)within the safety range of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom(hereinafter referred to as low,medium-and high-dose groups of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom)and American ginseng group(30 mg/kg),10 mice in each group.Gave the medicine once a day at regular intervals for 14 days.The vital signs such as respiration and mental state were observed.Took spleen and thymus tissues,calculate spleen and thymus index after weighing;prepared spleen cell suspension,used CCK-8 method to detect lymphocytes proliferation rate;carbon particle clearance method to detect mouse phagocytic coefficientα;the mouse peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis was detected by neutral red assay;dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB)was used to induce delayed type hypersensitivity in mice and detected the auricle swelling of mice.Results The phagocytic coefficientαof mice in high-dose Agkistrodon acutus venom group was the highest(5.56±0.46),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The phagocytosis rate(%)of mice were higher in the medium-dose group and the American ginseng group,which respectively were(119.07±19.31)%and(124.79±24.93)%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The B lymphocyte proliferation rate(%)of mice were higher in the medium-dose group of and the American ginseng group,which respectively were(105.95±14.59)%and(108.14±10.58)%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The T lymphocyte proliferation rate(%)of mice were higher in the medium-dose and high-dose groups,which respectively were(119.30±20.07)%and(110.85±23.13)%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the blank group,the medium-dose and high-dose groups and the American ginseng group could significantly improve the auricle swelling degree of mice,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with blank group,each experimental group could significantly increase the spleen index of mice(P<0.05).Compared with blank group,there was no significant difference in the thymus index of each experimental group(P>0.05).Conclusion Oral administration of the Deinagkistrodon acutus venom lower than 120 mg/kg has a certain enhancement effect on the immune function in normal mice.