中国林蛙的分类及分布

目的中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis David,1875)是我国林蛙属分布最为广泛的特有种,在上一世纪对其分类问题多有争议,曾被认为广布于中国、蒙古、俄罗斯、日本和朝鲜半岛等。随着对其分类地位的确定,其分布范围也发生了很大变化。为了保护和可持续利用这一重要资源,本文对其分类研究历史和分布进行了总结。方法通过收集、整理和分析研究文献,结合本实验室多年来掌握的野外资料,进行系统的总结。结果中国林蛙自1875年由戴维(中文名为谭卫道)命名以来,曾被划归欧洲林蛙的亚种,并将多种其他林蛙归并入其下。1981年,经过细胞分类学研究,正式恢复为有效种,随后进一步划分出5个亚种。直至本世纪初,经过进一步的分类学研究,厘清了其与东北林蛙和西北林蛙的关系,从而确定其为仅分布于中国的特有种。在此基础上,对其分布也进行了重新确立。结论中国林蛙隶属于蛙科林蛙属中国林蛙种组,目前没有种下分化和亚种形成,分布于我国华北、华中及其周边地区,分布海拔不高于2500m。

Taxonomy and Distribution of Chinese Brown frog,Rana chensinensis

Objective The Chinese brown frog （Rana chensinensis David ,1875） is the endemic one with widest-range distrbibution in China .Its taxonomic status was argued in the last century and it was considered to distribute in China ,Mongolia ,Russia ,Japan and Korea peninsula .After its validity was affirmed ,its distribution was limited to a relatively smaller area .In order to protect and sustainable use of this natural resource ,the taxonomic history and status of distribution of the Chinese brown frog were reviewed in this paper . Methods The research articles related to taxonomy and distribution of the Chinese brown frog were collected and analyzed with the original data from our field surveys and observations . Results Since the Chinses brown frog was named by Armond David （his Chinese name was TAN Wei-dao） in 1875 ,it was placed as a subspecies of the common frog Rana temporar-ia ,and other brwon frogs found in China and Russia were treated as its synonymies .In 1981 ,its validity as a spe-cies was confirmed by karyotype analysis and then 5 subspecies were suggested to it .At the beginning of this centu-ry ,its relationships with Rana dybowskii and Rana kukunoris were clarified and it was regarded as a endemic frog in China and recircled its distribution . Conclusion The Chinese brown frog belong to the Rana chensinensis spe-cies group of Genus Rana ,family Ranidae with no subspecies .It distribute in north and central China and the adja-cent area with elevation under 2500 meters .