藜麦及其资源开发利用

藜麦Chenopodium quinoa Willd.英文名:quinoa,原产于南美洲安第斯山区,是印加土著居民的主要传统食物,至今已有5 000~7 000多年的利用和种植历史。古代印加人将它称之为"粮食之母"。藜麦在20世纪80年代,被美国宇航局用于宇航员的太空食品。联合国粮农组织认为藜麦是唯一的单一植物即可满足人体基本营养需求的食物,正式推荐藜麦为最适宜人类的完美的全营养食品。本文对藜麦的植物形态、生态特性、营养价值以及在我国种植展望作了综合报道。

Development and Utilization of Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Chenopodium quinoa Willd. , its English name quinoa, native to the Andes region of South A- merica, is a staple food of the indigenous Incas. It has been cultivated and utilized for over 5000 to 7000 years, and was regarded as ＂Mother of All Grains＂ by the ancient Incas. Quinoa was used as the astro- nauts＇ space food in the 1980s by NASA （National Aeronautics and Space Administration）. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） considered quinoa as the only plant source that can meet human daily nutritional needs, and recommended it as the perfect whole food suitable for human body. This paper reported the morphology, ecological characteristics, nutritive value of quinoa, and its cultivation prospect in China was also expounded.