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基于SRAP标记的山药种质资源遗传多样性分析
引用本文:黄玉仙,黄姗,梁康迳,马红勃,雷伏贵,华树妹,许旭明.基于SRAP标记的山药种质资源遗传多样性分析[J].中国野生植物资源,2011,30(6):48-54.
作者姓名:黄玉仙  黄姗  梁康迳  马红勃  雷伏贵  华树妹  许旭明
作者单位:1. 福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福建福州350002;福建生物技术职业学院,福建福州350002
2. 福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福建福州,350002
3. 福建省三明市农业科学研究所,福建沙县,365509
基金项目:福建省自然科学基金《山药种质资源亲缘关系及其杂交组合胚培养育种研究》,福建省科技厅科技重大专项《特色蔬菜品种创新与高销配套栽培技术研究》,福建省教育厅2011年B类科技项目《山药种质资源遗传多样分析》
摘    要:目的:研究我国山药种质资源遗传多样性,为合理利用资源和开展选育种工作提供理论依据。方法:以国内94份山药种质资源为材料,采用SRAP标记并通过NTSYS2.10软件进行SHAN聚类分析、PROJECTION主成分分析;利用POPGENE软件估算遗传多样性参数。结果:从49对SRAP引物中筛选出30对能产生稳定清晰可辨的扩增产物的引物,共扩增出754条DNA带,其中多态性条带616条,占总条带的81.7%。聚类结果表明:当遗传相似系数(GS)为0.822时,可将94份资源分为5类:第Ⅰ类20份、第Ⅱ类43份、第Ⅲ类7份、第Ⅳ类3份、第Ⅴ类21份。第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ类分别为薯蓣、褐苞薯蓣、山薯和参薯。主成分分析结果显示:第一与第二主成分可解释88.34%(82.10%和6.24%)的遗传总变异。遗传多样性参数分析表明:比较5个遗传多样性参数值,5个群体的遗传多样性水平表现为Ⅰ>Ⅴ>Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ,第Ⅰ类(薯蓣)遗传多样性水平高;山药遗传群体间遗传分化系数为51.88%,大部分差异存在于群体之间,群体间遗传分化高。结论:山药种质资源丰富且群体遗传分化高,有利于山药新品种的选育。SRAP标记可有效应用于山药种质资源的鉴别和遗传多样性分析。通过DNA指纹鉴定技术鉴别山药品种具有重要性与紧迫性。

关 键 词:山药  种质资源  遗传多样性  SRAP标记

Genetic Diversity of Germplasm Resources on Dioscorea by SRAP Markers
Huang Yuxian,Huang Shan,Liang Kangjing,Ma Hongbo,Lei Fuigui,Hua Shumei,Xu Xuming.Genetic Diversity of Germplasm Resources on Dioscorea by SRAP Markers[J].Chinese Wild Plant Resources,2011,30(6):48-54.
Authors:Huang Yuxian  Huang Shan  Liang Kangjing  Ma Hongbo  Lei Fuigui  Hua Shumei  Xu Xuming
Institution:1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization; Ministry of Education/ Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China ; 2. Sanming Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Shaxian 365509, China ;3. Fujian Institute of Biological Engineering Technology, Fuzhou 350002, China)
Abstract:Objective:Studying the genetic diversity of Dioscorea resources from China can provide practieal bases for reasonably utilizing germplasm resources and breeding. Method:Using SRAP marker, SHAN cluster analysis and Principal component analysis were done by NTSYS 2. O, and genetic diversity parameters were estimated by POPGENE with materials of 94 germplasm resources on yams. Results: 30 primers screened out of 49 primers were adopted to analyze the polymorphism in the SRAP profiles. 754 SRAP bands were acquired, in which 616 bands were polymorphic at a percentage of 81.7%. The results of cluster analysis showed that that when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0. 822, the 94 resources could be classified into 5 types: Type I ,II, IlI, IV and V contained 20, 43 , 7, 3 and 21 resources, respectively. Type I , II , III and V were Dioscorea polystachya, Dioscorea persimilis, Dioscorea fordii and Dioscorea alata, respectively. Principal component analysis indicated that the first two PCAs accounted for 88.34% ( 82.10% and 6.24% ) of the total variation observed. According to the index value of five genetic diversity in SHAN cluster analysis, the level order of genetic diversity in five types was I 〉 V 〉 III 〉 II 〉 IV . A high level of genetic differentiation among yams types was detected based on Nei' s diversity analysis (51.88%). The rich germplasm resources and high level of genetic differentiation played an important role of the new varieties breeding on yams. Conclusion:The rich germplasm resources and high level of genetic differentiation played an important role of the new varieties breeding on yams. SRAP markers could be used to finely differentiate and cluster the germplasm resources on yams. It was of importance and urgency to identify yam varieties by DNA fingerprinting technology.
Keywords:Dioscorea  germplasm resource  genetic diversity  SRAP markers
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