航天诱变凤仙花SP2代形态变异的研究

对经“神舟4号”卫星搭载后的SP2代凤仙花的形态变异进行了研究。结果表明:子叶数目除有了两片的外,尚有三片和四片的。子叶形态上出现连生子叶、杯状子叶和大小不等子叶。真叶的形态上出现线状披针形,其小孢子母细胞减数分裂不正常,小孢子不育。花的结构上出现花瓣增多和花的叶化现象。茎的分枝上,有的不分枝,仅具主茎,有的分枝多达40枝以上。这些变化对研究和认识航天诱变育种有一定的理论和实际的意义。

Morphological Variation in SP2 Impatiens balsamina Induced by Space Flight

Morphological variation in SP_2 Impatiens balsamina induced by space flight was investigated and it was found that most seedlings germinated from SP_1 seeds possessed normal 2 cotyledons,but cotyledons in some SP_2 seedlings rose up to 3 or 4.Occassionally,some seedlings showed confluent or cup-shaped cotyledons,and cotyledons in most seedlings displayed heterogeneous in size.Linear lanceolate leaves appeared in some SP_2 plants.The meiotic behavior of pollen mother cells was observed abnormal in most SP_2 plants and the further developed pollens were tested sterility.Various colors appeared in flowers of SP_2 plants,and most flowers shrinked in size,meanwhile,petals rose in number.Some SP_2 plants possessed only one main stem,without branches,however,branches in most plants rose,even up to above 40.The theoretical and practical significance of these varieties was discussed to breeding using aerospace flight induction.