N+注入选育白腐菌及其降解油菜秸秆木质纤维素的研究

以白腐菌WY01为出发菌,利用N＋注入技术选育出一株遗传性状稳定的漆酶高产诱变菌株WY02,经过60 d的发酵培养,其产酶量由出发菌的13.75 U/g增加到52.5 U/g,即产酶量提高了2.82倍;诱变菌株WY02对油菜秸秆中的木质素、半纤维素和纤维素的降解率分别为54.1%,39.1%,32.8%,用红外光谱法（IR）分析经诱变菌株降解后的油菜秸秆中木质素官能团的变化,用于阐明诱变菌株对油菜秸秆中木质素的生物降解机制。结果表明：油菜秸秆经白腐菌诱变菌株降解后,其木质素含量明显降低。木质素与苯环相连的C=O键、木质素侧链上CH2结构以及木质素单体（紫丁香基和愈创木基）被部分降解,木质素的苯环结构遭到一定程度的破坏。

A Study On Breeding of White-Rot Fungi by N~+ Impantation and the Degradation of Lignocellullose of the Rape Straw

The white-rot fungi WY01 as the starting bacteria,using the N+ implantation genetic traits bred a stable and high-yield of laccase with the mutant strain WY02,after 60 days of fermentation culture,the amount of laccase enzyme producted by the start of the bacteria increased from 13.75 U/g to 52.5 U/g that was,the enzyme production increased by 2.85 times.the degradation rates of the lignin,hemicellulose and cellulose were 54.1%,39.1% and 32.8%.FTIR spectrometer was used to analysis the change of lignin groups in rap straw which degraded by the mutant strain,in order to illuminate the degeneration mechanism of lignin in the straw by WY02.The result indicated that the straw was degraded by the mutant strain,lignin had been significantly destroied.Not only the C=O link between lignin and aromatic rings,CH2 structure of the side chains and the lignin monomer(juliana lilac group and guaiacyl group)were partly degraded,but also aromatic rings of lignin was also destroied.