诱导多潜能干细胞(iPSCs)的研究与应用进展

诱导多潜能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)是体细胞在外源因子作用下,经直接细胞核程序重整而重新获得多潜能的干细胞.iPSCs在疾病的模型建立与机理研究、细胞治疗、药物的发现与评价等方面有着巨大的潜在应用价值.在过去几年中,科学家们致力于改进体细胞重编程技术并取得许多突破.然而,为实现其在临床上的应用,必须克服体细胞重编程效率低和iPSCs成瘤风险两大挑战,而且重编程机制有待进一步阐明.结合iPSCs最新研究成果,评述了有关领域国内外研究进展,重点讨论当前存在问题,并展望未来研究方向.

The Progress of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for Research and Applications

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived from somatic cells that regain pluripotency by the nuclear programming with exogenous factors. iPSCs have immense potential applications in establishing disease models and understanding disease mechanisms, cell therapies, drug discoveries and assessments, etc. Over the past several years, scientists made much effort to improve reprogramming technology and achieved many breakthroughs in the research and applications of iPSCs. However, moving toward the eventual goal of clinical application, it is necessary to overcome challenges such as low reprogramming efficiency and risk due to tumorigenicity, besides the detailed mechanism of reprogramming remains to be elucidated. Here, combined with the recent advances in iPSCs, the progress of iPSCs were reviewed for research and applications. The current problems and the directions of future iPSCs research were discussed.