感染组学 (infectomics) ———对感染性疾病的总体性和综合性研究

在感染性疾病的范畴内，目前急需一个能有效地、精确地和综合性地研究微生物感染的结构性和功能性基因组学和蛋白质组学 ( 感染组学 ) 的全面方法. 新的方法 ( 如 DNA 和蛋白质微阵列 ) 和传统方法 ( 如分子克隆、 PCR 、基因敲除，加进 (knockin) 和反义术等 ) 的结合将有助于克服今天的困难. 在感染时，微生物及其宿主的全部表型改变 ( 感染组 ) 均由微生物病原体及其宿主的基因组所编码，并在特异的微生物 - 宿主相互作用时的某些环境条件下表达. 微生物及其宿主的全部药物反应 ( 药理组 ) 可用基因组或蛋白质组的方法检出. 分析基因型和表型或表达形式的全基因组方法将最终导致对微生物的发病机理、感染性疾病的快速诊断和控制感染的新策略的全面研究. 感染性疾病中最基本的问题是，如何全面地和综合性地应用感染组学，来了解微生物病原体及其宿主的相互作用.

Infectomics: The Global and Integrative Study of Infectious Diseases

In the field of infectious diseases there is an urgent need for global researches that can efficiently, precisely and integratively study structural and functional genomics and proteomics of microbial infection (infectomics). The combination of new (e.g. DNA and protein microarrays) and traditional approaches (e.g. cloning, PCR, gene knockin and knockout, and antisense) will help overcome the challenges we are facing today. It was assumed that the global phenotypic changes (infectomes) in microbes and their host during infections are encoded by the genomes of microbial pathogens and their hosts, expressed in certain environmental conditions devoted to specific microbe-host interactions. Global drug responses (pharmacomes) in microbes and their host can be detected by genomic and proteomic approaches. Genome-wide approaches to genotyping and phenotyping or expression profiling will eventually lead to global dissection of microbial pathogenesis, efficient and rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, and the development of novel strategies to control infections. The key fundamental issue of infectious diseases is how to globally and integratively understand the interactions between microbial pathogens and threir hosts by using infectomics.