线粒体跨膜电位与细胞凋亡

细胞凋亡作为细胞固有的、受机体严密调控的细胞死亡形式，在多细胞生物体清除衰老细胞及无能细胞等方面发挥重要的作用.近年来，细胞凋亡的研究重点已从细胞核转向线粒体.各种死亡信号诱导线粒体膜通透性改变孔（permeability transition pore, PT pore）开放，引起线粒体跨膜电位下降，导致促凋亡物质释放，继而激活caspase，最终使细胞凋亡.Bcl-2和Bcl-X_L通过对线粒体作用而抑制细胞凋亡，而Bax、Bak与Bad通过调节线粒体而诱导细胞凋亡.

Mitochondrial Transmembrane Potential and Cell Apoptosis

Apoptosis, an intrinsic cell death model which is regulated by organisms, is essential for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. Recently, researchers on cell apoptosis have paid more attention on mitochondrion than on nucleus. Different death stimulus induces opening of PT pore, degradation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, activation of caspase and inducing cell apoptosis. Bcl-2 and Bcl-X_L inhibit cell apoptosis via mitochondrion while Bax, Bak and Bad induce apoptosis by means of regulation of mitochondrion.