跨通道迁移及其认知神经机制

跨通道迁移是指将在一种感觉通道获得的知识应用于另一感觉通道的能力。跨通道迁移的相关研究探索了大脑表征不同感觉通道信息的方式，为减少重复学习、提高认知加工效率提供了新的见解。为较好地概括跨通道迁移的特点和机制，本文首先介绍了在物体识别、类别学习和时间知觉等不同领域对跨通道迁移效应的实验研究，之后介绍了支持跨通道迁移的表征类型和相关理论，梳理了跨通道迁移产生的理论及采用事件相关电位（ERP）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）等技术探讨跨通道迁移神经机制的研究进展，并指出了影响跨通道迁移的因素。最后，对目前跨通道迁移研究成果及其潜在应用进行了总结，并对这一领域未来的研究问题进行了展望。

Crossmodal Transfer and Its Cognitive Neural Mechanisms

Crossmodal transfer is the ability to apply the knowledge acquired in one sensory modality to another. Researches on crossmodal transfer investigate how the brain represents information from different sensory modalities, and provide new insights to improve cognitive processing efficiency and reduce repeated learning. To clarify the characteristics and mechanism of crossmodal transfer, this article first introduced the crossmodal transfer effect in different field of research, such as object recognition, category learning, and time perception. After that, the theoretical researches on the representation type of crossmodal transfer were reviewed, mainly including multisensory theory and multisensory mental imagery theory as well as the supportive and opposite findings. The research progresses on the neural mechanism of crossmodal transfer using ERP and fMRI techniques were introduced, mainly including metamodal theory, and multisensory reverse hierarchy theory as well as the supportive and opposite findings. The objective and subjective factors which influenced crossmodal transfer effect were sorted out, in which we suggested that the modality dominance phenomenon supports the metamodal theory, while other factors such as sensory experience, age, setting of learning tasks and stimulus features support theories such as the multisensory hypothesis. Finally, we described the potential applications of the current research findings on crossmodal transfer and pointed out future research questions in this field.