Toll样受体对T细胞功能及代谢的影响

Toll样受体（Toll-like receptors， TLRs）在先天免疫系统中广泛表达，可通过促进抗原提呈细胞（antigen presenting cells，APC）共刺激分子的表达从而间接导致T细胞活化。然而研究发现，TLR也可在T细胞中表达，并可在没有APC的情况下直接调节T细胞的代谢与功能。本文综述了TLR信号对不同T细胞亚群代谢和免疫功能的直接调控作用，为T细胞介导的癌症及自身免疫病等疾病的预防和治疗提供了新的思路。

The Effect of Toll-like Receptors on T Cell Function and Metabolism

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) belong to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family which can recognize multiple pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and damage-related molecular patterns (DAMP). TLRs are widely expressed in the innate immune system, and link up the innate and adaptive immunity through indirectly lead to T cell activation by promoting the expression of costimulatory molecules on antigen presenting cells (APC) when binding to their ligands. Previous studies mainly expound the function and mechanism of TLRs in activating the innate immune cells, but few studies on its function in adaptive immune cells. However, it has now become evident that TLRs are also expressed in T cells, and can directly regulate the metabolism and function of T cells in the form of costimulatory molecules without APCs. It has been reported that TLRs can regulate the function of different T cell subsets via directly regulating their metabolism. The present review attempts to summarize the direct regulation of TLR signaling in metabolism and immune function of different T cell subsets, which provides a new idea for the prevention and treatment of T cell-mediated diseases such as cancer, inflammation and autoimmune diseases.