精准定位脑刺激对运动功能调控研究进展

脑刺激是神经科学研究的重要手段,传统的经颅磁刺激和经颅电刺激等脑刺激方法尽管能调控运动功能(包括减轻运动性障碍疾病的运动障碍、提高运动能力等),但存在空间分辨率低且无法刺激深部脑组织的局限性.近年来迅速发展的深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)、光遗传学、经颅超声刺激(transcranial ultrasound stimulation,TUS)、时间干涉(temporal interference,TI)等精准定位脑刺激方法,具有空间分辨率高、可聚焦深部脑组织等优点.本文综述了上述几种脑刺激方法的原理、特点,对运动功能调控的研究进展,以及面临的挑战和发展前景,从而为神经科学研究提供更好的研究工具,为临床实践提供更多的干预治疗手段.

Progress in Regulation of Accurate Positioning Brain Stimulation on Motor Function

Brain stimulation is an important means in neuroscience research. Traditional brain stimulation such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial electrical stimulation can regulate motor function (including alleviation of motor disorders and improvement of motor ability), but they have low spatial resolution and are unable to stimulate deep brain tissue. In recent years, some brain stimulation methods with accurate positioning such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), optogenetics, transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS), temporal interference (TI) stimulation have achieved rapid development, showing higher spatial resolution and reaching deeper brain tissue. We summarized the principles and characteristics of the above brain stimulation methods, and progress in the regulation of these brain stimulation on motor function as well as their challenges and prospects, for providing more neuroscience research tool and clinical intervention means.