| 生物质多糖的高效降解与降解酶（系）的精确定制 |
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| 引用本文： | 张舒,赵越,陈冠军,余俊红,吴秀芸,王禄山.生物质多糖的高效降解与降解酶（系）的精确定制[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2021,48(3):296-308. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张舒 赵越 陈冠军 余俊红 吴秀芸 王禄山 |
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| 作者单位： | 1）山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛 266237,1）山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛 266237,1）山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛 266237,2）青岛啤酒股份有限公司啤酒生物发酵工程国家重点实验室,青岛 266000,1）山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛 266237,1）山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,青岛 266237 |
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| 基金项目： | This work was supported by grants from Qingdao Post-doctoral Applied Research Program, The National Natural Science Foundation of China （31770054） and National Key Research and Development Program of China （2016YFD0800601）. |
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| 摘 要： | 自然界中多糖类生物质资源十分丰富,然而其复杂的抗降解屏障限制了生物转化的进程.近年来,随着生物质多糖结构的快速解析以及大量多糖降解酶的鉴定研究,针对不同底物结构或产物需求,仿制高效微生物多糖代谢途径,精确定制多糖降解酶系,促进生物质高效转化已成为可能.本文分析中性多糖(纤维素和木聚糖)、碱性多糖(几丁质和壳聚糖)以及酸性多糖(褐藻胶)的精细结构组成与基团性质,总结3类多糖主要降解酶的活性架构特征及其底物精确结合模式.文章还阐述蛋白质工程设计与定制策略,针对酶分子不同功能区的分析,可为酶分子的功能快速设计与改造提供靶点,以获得适宜于工业应用的高效酶分子,此外,根据微生物胞外降解酶系的降解次序与协同关系,可基于应用需求精确定制复杂多糖降解酶系,实现生物质的高效与高值降解转化.
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| 关 键 词： | 生物质生物转化 多糖降解酶 底物结合模式 蛋白质工程 定制酶系 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/6/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/8/3 0:00:00 |
High Efficient Degradation of Biomass Polysaccharides and Precise Customization of Degrading Enzymes |
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| ZHANG Shu,ZHAO Yue,CHEN Guan-Jun,YU Jun-Hong,WU Xiu-Yun and WANG Lu-Shan.High Efficient Degradation of Biomass Polysaccharides and Precise Customization of Degrading Enzymes[J].Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics,2021,48(3):296-308. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Shu ZHAO Yue CHEN Guan-Jun YU Jun-Hong WU Xiu-Yun and WANG Lu-Shan |
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| Institution: | 1)The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China,1)The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China,1)The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China,2)State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Company Limited, Qingdao 266000, China,1)The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China,1)The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China |
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| Abstract: | Polysaccharide is abundant in nature, but its complex anti-degradation structure limits the process of bioconversion. In recent years, with the rapid analysis of biomass polysaccharide structure and the identification of polysaccharide degrading enzyme, on the basis of different structure of substrate or product requirement, it is possible to imitate the efficient metabolic pathway of microbial polysaccharides, tailor polysaccharides degrading enzyme system, and promote the efficient conversion of biomass. In this paper, the structure composition of neutral polysaccharide (cellulose and xylan), alkaline polysaccharide (chitin and chitosan) and acidic polysaccharide (alginate) were analyzed. Then the structural characteristics and substrate binding patterns of the major degrading enzymes targeted at the three kinds of polysaccharides were summarized. Protein engineering design and customization strategies are also described. The analysis of different functional areas of enzyme molecules can provide targets for further design and modification to obtain high efficiency enzymes in industrial applications. In addition, in terms of the order of microbial extracellular degrading enzymes and their synergistic relationship, complex polysaccharides degrading enzymes can be precisely tailored based on the needs to achieve efficient and high-value degradation transformation of the biomass. |
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| Keywords: | biomass bioconversion polysaccharides degrading enzyme substrate binding mode protein engineering customized enzyme system |
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