唾液酸酶Neu1及其相关信号通路研究进展

唾液酸广泛存在于生物体内,常存在于糖复合物的糖链末端,对组织器官特别是脑神经的发育至关重要,并且与多种疾病的发生和发展过程密切相关.唾液酸被唾液酸酶水解后,可改变糖复合物的构象从而调控相关因子的生物学功能.在目前发现的4种唾液酸酶中,对Neu1的研究较为深入.研究表明,Neu1的剪切底物具有多样性,其与细胞表面受体的结构和功能调节密切相关.随着研究的深入,Neu1逐渐被认为是唾液酸介导的调控疾病发生过程中的重要因子,Neu1在人类疾病中的作用比预想的还要深远.本篇综述了在已有总结的唾液酸酶性质和生理病理学功能的基础上,概述了近年来Neu1的研究进展,并对其作用及与不同细胞表面受体的相互作用机制做了总结.

Progress of Neu1 and Related Signaling Pathway

Sialic acid which often terminated in the carbohydrate chain of glycoconjugates, is closely related to organs development and various disease progression. Sialic acids may regulate the biological functions of glycoconjugates through removing the sialic acid on them and changing their conformation. Up to date, four sialidases have been found in mammalian cells, and the research on sialidase 1 (Neu1)is more widely. The hydrolysis substrates of Neu1 are varied, and strongly linked to the structure and function of cell surface receptors. Recent evidence indicates that Neu1 has recently emerged as a central target in sialidase-mediated regulation of diseases development, and plays a much more profound role in human diseases than previously expected. This paper summarized current progress of functional research on Neu1 in recent years, and the interacting mechanism between Neu1 and cell surface receptors.