Seasonal Stable Isotope Records of Otoliths from Ocean-pen Reared and Wild Cod, Gadus morhua |
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Authors: | Yongwen Gao Henry P Schwarcz Uwe Brand Erlend Moksness |
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Institution: | (1) Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5K6, Canada;(2) Present address: Makah Fisheries Management, P.O. Box 115, Neah Bay, WA, 98357, U.S.A.;(3) Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada;(4) Flødevigen Marine Research Station, Institute of Marine Research, N-4817 His, Norway |
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Abstract: | Otoliths of ocean-pen reared cod, Gadus morhua, provide a unique opportunity to examine the lifetime history of the fish. Here we report 18 analyses of such otoliths on seasonal (winter and summer) stable oxygen and carbon isotope ratios. The calculated isotopic temperatures from otoliths of reared cod were essentially in agreement with the temperature record during rearing, suggesting that temperature is a dominant factor in the precipitation of otolith aragonite. Carbon isotope ratios increased with age and leveled off at 4 years old, presumed to correlate with sexual maturity of cod. As compared with otoliths of wild-caught cod, significant differences were found in isotope variation and the correlation between 13C and 18O. These differences were probably attributable to the different environmental constraints and food supply. |
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Keywords: | stable isotope ratios 18O and gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">18O and 13C" target="_blank">gif" alt="delta" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">13C temperature seasonality environmental constraints diet |
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