红火蚁对我国一些生物潜在影响的初步分析

通过分析国际上对红火蚁影响生境中其他生物的研究成果,认为红火蚁主要通过以下3种方式危害其他生物:(1)攻击、捕食刚孵化的地栖性卵生动物个体,或者以群体力量捕食昆虫幼虫、成虫等;(2)竞争有限的食物资源,导致其他物种因为缺乏足够食物供给而种群数量减少甚至灭绝;(3)通过叮咬而使得某些动物存活率降低,改变生境,甚至弃巢外逃,或者因为受攻击活动量加大而增加被捕食的几率。同时初步分析在《国家重点保护野生动物名录》中列举的379种野生动物名录中,有22种鸟类(占9.6%)、1种两栖类(占14%)、所有的18种爬行类(占100%)可能因为红火蚁的入侵导致种群数量下降甚至灭绝。

Potential threat caused by red imported fire ants to some species in China

This article reviews a lot of studies on red imported fire ants(RIFA) impacting the native wildlife.The results show that there are 3 main mechanisms which RIFA impact the native wildlife,such as(a) RIFA attack and predate the hatchlings of egg-laying species and the insect adults and larvae;(b) RIFA have the absolutely dominant competition with other wildlife for the limited food resource;(c) RIFA can reduce the survival rate of other species by changing their behavior and habitat.This article also gives the preliminary analysis on the potential threat caused by RIFA to the wildlife in South China.The results shows that among the National List of Wildlife Protection,22 species bird,1 specie amphibian and 18 species reptiles have the potential risk to reduce the population and even extinction because of RIFAs invading.