二化螟盘绒茧蜂及稻虱缨小蜂对挥发物的嗅觉反应

【目的】揭示二化螟盘绒茧蜂Apanteles chilonis Munakata与稻虱缨小蜂Anagrus nilaparvatae对单一水稻挥发物组分的选择行为,了解水稻挥发物在其寄主搜寻过程中的作用,为水稻害虫寄生蜂引诱剂的研发提供技术基础。【方法】利用Y型嗅觉仪测定了二化螟盘绒茧蜂与稻虱缨小蜂对11种水稻挥发物组分(反-2-己烯醛、α-蒎烯、乙酸叶醇酯、芳樟醇、β-石竹烯、反-3-己烯醛、水杨酸甲酯、罗勒烯、苯甲醛、2-壬酮、柠檬烯)的嗅觉行为反应。【结果】β-石竹烯(10、50μg/kg)、罗勒烯(0.1、1、10μg/kg)、2-壬酮(10μg/kg)及反-2-己烯醛(50μg/kg)对二化螟盘绒茧蜂行为具有显著影响;稻虱缨小蜂对反-2-己烯醛(50μg/kg)、反-3-己烯醛(1、10、50μg/kg)、芳樟醇(0.1、1、10μg/kg)、β-石竹烯(0.1、50μg/kg)、罗勒烯(1μg/kg)、α-蒎烯(1μg/kg)和水杨酸甲酯(0.1、1、10、50μg/kg)有显著的嗅觉反应。【结论】寄生蜂对水稻挥发性气味的识别与挥发物的种类和浓度有很大关系,研发水稻害虫寄生蜂的引诱剂时需考虑挥发物的种类与浓度。

The attractiveness of rice plant volatiles to Apanteles chilonis Munakata and Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang

Objectives] To identify the chemical signals that attract two species of wasps Apanteles chilonis Munakata and Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang that parasitize insect pests of rice and thereby provide basic information for further study of the attractants of parasitic wasps. Methods] The olfactory responses of adult wasps to to eleven rice plant volatiles were tested in a Y-type olfactometer. Results] A. chilonis was significantly attracted to 10 and 50 μg/kg of β-caryophyllene,0.1, 1 and 10 μg/kg of ocimene, and 10 μg/kg of 2-nonyl ketone. A. nilaparvatae was significantly attracted to 50 μg/kg of trans-3-propyalacrolein, 1, 10 and 50 μg/kg of anti-3-hexene aldehyde, 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/kg of linalool, 0.1 or 50 μg/kg ofβ-caryophyllene, 1 μg/kg of ocimene, 1 μg/kg of α-pinene, and 0.1, 1, 10 and 50 μg/kg of methyl salicylate. Conclusion] A. chilonis and A. nilaparvatae are strongly attracted by several rice plant volatiles over a broad range of concentrations. Future study of potential attractants of parasitoid wasps should therefore consider both the type and concentration of plant volatiles.