拟孔蜂巨柄啮小蜂对家蝇的寄生作用

拟孔蜂巨柄啮小蜂Melittobia acasta Walker是一种可以寄生家蝇Musca domestica L.的寄生蜂。首次报道食物对该蜂寿命的影响,以及该蜂日龄、家蝇蛹龄、寄生蜂密度和蝇蛹密度与寄生率的关系。以15%糖水饲养该小蜂寿命最长;单只啮小蜂最多可以寄生8只蝇蛹,最大出蜂总量达58只;单个蝇蛹最多出蜂22只;随着寄生蜂的日龄和蝇蛹日龄增加,该蜂对蝇蛹的寄生个数有下降的趋势,寄生率和寄生蜂日龄符合y=3.36-0.062x-0.045x2,寄生率和蝇蛹日龄符合y=2.50+0.91x-0.34x2;蝇蛹的密度对小蜂的寄生率的影响拟合Holling功能反应模型:Na=0.6165TrN0(1+0.6165×0.499N0);寄生蜂自身密度对寄生率的影响符合方程:a=0.4943P-0.306。

The parasitic effect of Melittobia acasta on Musca domestica

Melittobia acasta Walker is a parasitoid of Musca domestica. The effect of food on longevity of M. acasta, and the effect of the age of the parasitoid and pupae, the densities of the parasitoid and fly's pupae on parasitism rate were studied. The results showed that M. acasta fed with 15% glucose solution had the longest longevity. An individual of M. acasta could lay eggs in up to eight fly pupae of M. domestica, and could reproduce 58 progenies. Up to 22 progenies would be reproduced in one pupa. The parasitic rate decreased with the increment of the age of M. acasta and M. domestica pupae. The relationship between the parasitic rate (Y) and the age of the parasitoid(X) was y=3.36-0.062x-0.045x2, and the relationship between the parasitic rate (Y) and the age of the pupa(X) was y=2.50+0.91x-0.34x2. The relationship between the density of M. domestica and the parasitic rate could be described by Holling Model Na=0.6165TrN_0(1+0.6165×0.499 N_0), and the relationship between the density of M. acasta and the parasitic rate was a=0.4943P -0.306 .