使用冷冻方法防治昆虫标本虫害

皮蠹幼虫对昆虫标本的蛀蚀是我国北方地区标本保藏时需要注意的首要问题。经12次的试验观察表明,花斑皮蠹幼虫TrogodermavariabileBallion在冰柜中放置位置不同其冷冻致死率亦不相同置于冰柜表层的,死亡率介于0～50%;上层的死亡率为95%～100%;中上层及中层死亡率达100%。放置在表层及上层的皮蠹幼虫,在经2d以上的冷冻处理后部分个体出现复活。因此,对那些原先放置上层及表层的标本,第1次冷冻结束后,间隔数天应再进行第2次冷冻,以提高和巩固冷冻杀虫效果。经3年的实践证明,采用冷冻方法治理皮蠹幼虫为害效果明显,可以推广普及。

Freezing techniques used in pest eradication for insect specimens

The dry specimens preserved in insect collection are mainly damaged by larvae of Dermestidae in our museum. Based on the results of 12 experiments, freezing techniques have been proved to be effective for killing larvae of Dermestidae.In the surface layer of the refrigerator, the death rate of larvae of Trogoderma variabile is 0 to 50 perecent, in the upper layer,95 to 100 percent, in the upper-middle and middle layer,100 percent.Larvae of Dermestidae lain in the surface and upper layer of refrigerator, after freezing 2 days, some individual revived.Therefore, a second-time of freezing is needed.By 3-years practice, the freezing technique has been proved safe and reliable for pest eradication for insect specimen and should to be extented in use.