夹竹桃、鱼藤、乌桕对锈同心舟蛾的毒杀活性

为有效控制锈同心舟蛾HomocentridiapictaHampson对木荷(SchimasuperdaGardn.etChamp.)的危害,用索氏提取法获得夹竹桃(NeriumindicumMill.)叶、鱼藤(DerristrifoliateLour.)叶和乌桕(Sapiumsebiferum(L.)Roxb.)皮的乙醇提取物,在室内分别测定3种植物提取物对锈同心舟蛾3龄幼虫的防治效果。实验结果和方差分析表明,3种植物提取物为锈同心舟蛾都具有防治效果,3.5d后,受试昆虫的校正死亡率都达到60%以上;其中以夹竹桃和乌桕的提取物对受试昆虫的影响最为明显,6d后,受试昆虫的校正死亡率都达到90%以上。3种植物对锈同心舟蛾的毒杀作用由大到小的顺序依次是乌桕、夹竹桃和鱼藤。

Insecticidal activity of Nerium indicum, Derris trifoliate and Sapium sebiferum against Homocentridia picta

In recent years, Homocentridia picta Hampson has been one of the major pests of Schima superda Gardn. et Champ. in Nanhai, Feshan City and Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China. In order to pursue the suitable way for controlling the pest, the insecticidal activity of alcohol extracts using Soxhlit extraction method from Nerium indicum Mill., Derris trifoliate Lour. and Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. were studied. The bioassays were carried out on the 3rd instar larvae of H. picta sprayed with the extracts from three kinds of poisonous plants indoors. The results indicated that all of the three kinds of plants have the potential as botanical insecticides to effectively control H. picta. The calibrated mortality of H. picta was higher than 60% after 3.5 days from the start of bioassays when the larvae of H. picta were treated by the extracts of plants respectively. On the 6th day, the calibrated mortality was over 90%. The order of the toxic effect of three extracts on H. picta was Sapium sebiferum > Nerium indicum > Derris trifoliate.