陕西秦岭蝎蛉的生物学观察

2004～2005年，在陕西省南部米仓山黎坪国家森林公园研究了秦岭蝎蛉Panorpa qinlingensis Chou et Ran的年生活史和生物学习性，通过饲养，成功获得卵、幼虫、蛹等虫态。结果表明，秦岭蝎蛉在米仓山1年发生2代，以预蛹在土室里越冬，5月中旬始见越冬代成虫，5月中旬末～6月上句为越冬代成虫羽化盛期，7月下旬～8月中句为第1代成虫羽化盛期，成虫在室内可存活35～60d。羽化近1周后开始交尾，交尾4～8d后开始产卵，单雌产卵量35～180粒，卵期5～9d；幼虫蝴型，共4龄。历期38～50d；蛹为强颚离蛹，蛹期8—18d。记述了主要生物学习性。

Life history of the scorpionfly Panorpa qinlingensis in Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi

The life history and biology of the scorpionfly Panorpa qinlingensis Chou et Ran were observed in the Liping National Forest Park, Micangshan Mountains, southernmost Shaanxi Province in 2004 to 2005. The immature stages, including egg, larva and pupa, have been obtained through rearing. The results show that the scorpiofly completes two generations per year in Michangshan, overwintering as the prepupal stage in the soil. The adults emerge mainly from mid May to early June in overwintering generation, and from late July to mid August in the first generation. The adult can survive for 35 to 60 d. The females begin to copulate about one week after emergence, one female depositing 35 to 180 eggs. The egg development takes 5 to 9 days after oviposition. The larvae are ernciform, consisting of 4 instars, with the duration lasting from 38 to 50 d. The pupae are deetious and exarate. The duration of the pupal stage is 8 to 18 d. The main habits of the seorpionfly are described.