榆黄毛萤叶甲的发育起点温度与有效积温的测定

【目的】有效防控榆黄毛萤叶甲Pyrrhalta maculicollis(Mots.)在吐鲁番地区的危害。【方法】本研究在室内设置22、25、28、31和34℃5个温度梯度,分别测定榆黄毛萤叶甲各虫态的发育历期,并以有效积温法则和"最小二乘法"计算出榆黄毛萤叶甲各虫态的发育起点温度和有效积温。【结果】卵、幼虫、蛹、产卵前期及全世代的发育起点温度分别为13.83、12.64、12.48、14.63和14.01℃,有效积温分别为83.99、186.32、121.50、185.42和550.54日·度。榆黄毛萤叶甲发育速率与温度的关系分别采用线性日度模型式和Logistic曲线模型式进行拟合,建立各虫态发育速率与温度关系模型。由Lagrange中值定理求出各虫态的发育最适温度、适宜温区,其全世代的分别为:Tmid为28.23℃、Tmin为14.36℃、Tmax为42.11℃。【结论】明确了榆黄毛萤叶甲各虫态的发育起点温度及有效积温,计算出了各虫态的理论发育最适温度及适宜温区,为准确预报榆黄毛萤叶甲发生期及有效防治提供理论依据。

Developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature ofPyrrhalta maculicollis (Mots.)

Objectives] To effectively control the damage caused byPyrrhalta maculicollis(Mots.).Methods]The developmental duration ofP. maculicolliswas determined under five constant temperatures in the laboratory (22, 25, 28, 31 and 34℃). The developmental threshold temperature (C) and effective accumulative temperature (K) ofP. maculicollis were determined using the effective accumulated temperature law and least square method.Results]The threshold temperatures of the egg, larval, pupal, and pre-oviposition stages, and that of an entire generation, were estimated to be 13.83, 12 .64, 12.48, 14.63 and 14.01℃, respectively, and the corresponding effective accumulated temperatures were 83.99, 186.32, 121.50, 185.42 and 550.54 degree-days. Logsitic and a Linear models of the relationship between temperature and developmental rates for these five life-history stages were developed. On the basis of the Lagrange Theorem, the optimal, lowest, and highest, temperatures for development were estimated to be 28.23℃, 14.36℃, 42.11℃, respectively.Conclusion] The developmental duration, developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature ofP. maculicollis were determined. In addition, the optimal, lowest, and highest, temperatures for development were calculated. These data could provide the basis for improving understanding of occurrence of these pests, and thereby improve monitoring, outbreak prediction, prevention and control.