东方蜜蜂气味受体基因Or1和Or2的克隆与序列分析

本研究采用自行设计的引物对东方蜜蜂Apis cerana Fabricius气味受体(odorant receptors)Or1、Or2的部分基因组序列(GenBank登录号为:JN544932,JN544931)进行了克隆、测序和分析,以探寻传统气味受体(AcOr1)和非典型气味受体(AcOr2)基因在近缘种昆虫间的进化差异。试验所得的东方蜜蜂气味受体基因Or1、Or2的序列长度分别为1247bp和1138bp,各包含4个和2个内含子,编码区序列长度分别为682、686 bp。经序列比对发现,两气味受体DNA序列在东、西方蜜蜂及熊蜂间差异较大,最低相似性仅为56%(AcOr1—BtOr82a-like),差异的主要来源为内含子长度及其碱基的变异,而编码区氨基酸序列相似性较高,均达85%以上;从整体分析来看,在膜翅目昆虫中,非典型气味受体AcOr2较传统气味受体AcOr1是相对保守的气味受体基因。

Gene cloning and sequence analysis of Or1 and Or2 in Apis cerana

Two odorant receptors, the parial DNA sequences AcOrl, AcOr2 （Genbank accession number： JN544932, JN544931） of Apis cerana Fabricius were cloned using PCR. The aim was to explore the evolutionary diversity of conventional and atypical odorant receptors among related species. The cloned fragments of AcOrl and AcOr2 were 1 247 bp and 1 138 bp in length, and contained 4 and 2 introns respectively. The coding region lengths were 682 bp and 686 bp respectively. Sequence alignment showed that genome sequences were highly divergent in different insects of A. cerana, A. meUifera and Bombus terrestris with minimum identity of 56% （AcOr1-BtOr82a-like）. These differences were primarily due to variation in nucleotides and intron length, although amino acid sequences shared high identity （ ≥85% ）. Compared with AcOrl, AcOr2 appears to be a relatively conservative odorant receptor in Hymenopteran insects.