栎旋木柄天牛生殖行为研究

为了阐明栎旋木柄天牛Aphrodisium sauteri Matsushita生殖行为的方式和特点,寻找有效的防治手段,本试验观察了栎旋木柄天牛的生殖行为,并在林间尝试了成虫诱集。结果表明:雌雄成虫之间表现出较强的吸引作用,近距离时雌雄虫可相互吸引,而远距离时雌虫引诱力更强。室内试验中求偶时间会随着成虫的衰弱而增加。成虫交配主要发生于白天。羽化出孔后1～14日龄雌虫和2～13日龄雄虫均可多次交配。成虫一次完整交配平均需时70.12min,交配后保护平均仅用时3.86min。一次完整交配过程中,不同日龄成虫的交配历时、交配间隔历时及交配次数都存在差异,各日龄成虫的交配间隔历时均大于交配历时。交配或产卵经历对雄虫交配行为的影响明显大于雌虫。雌虫产卵前期平均为30.71h。雌虫每产1粒卵平均需时99.58s,并随日龄增长显著加长。每头雌虫平均每日产卵量和总产卵量分别为7.89和26.20粒。雌虫多在白天产卵,用产卵器触探树皮表面寻找合适的产卵部位。卵主要产于树皮裂缝和枝条疤痕内,一般每次产卵1粒,卵表面无覆盖物。

A study on reproductive behavior of Aphrodisium sauteri Matsushita

In order to find effective control methods for Aphrodisium sauteri Matsushita, the reproductive behavior of this longhorn beetle was observed and a field test for trapping adults conducted. The results show that females and males mutually attract each other at short distances, but at long distances females tend to attract males. In a laboratory experiment, the duration of calling behavior increased with adult age. Mating mainly took place in daytime. 1 st--14th day females and 2nd--13th day males could mate several times after they left eclosion holes. A complete mating lasted 70. 12 min on average. The average protective duration after mating was 3.86 min. In a complete mating, the duration of mating, interval of mating and frequency of matiflg differed among adults of different ages. The interval of mating was always longer than the duration of mating. Previous reproductive experience had a greater influence on males＇ mating behaviors than on female＇s. The average preoviposition period of females was 30. 71 h. Females took, on average, 99.58 s to lay an egg, and oviposition time increased with female age. The average number of eggs laid by a female was 7.89 in one day and the total number of eggs laid by a female in her life time was 26. 20. Females touched the bark surface with their ovipositors to find oviposition sites and usually laid eggs in daytime. Eggs were mainly laid in cracks in bark and scars on branches. Usually only one egg was laid at a time and the eggs were uncoated.