小菜蛾化学生态学研究现状与展望

本文综述了几种植物吸引或阻抑小菜蛾成虫产卵或幼虫取食的效应。完整的、机械损伤的和菜粉蝶为害的甘蓝类蔬菜释放出数十种醇、醛、酯、酮、硫化物、羧酸类、异硫氰酸酯类和萜烯类挥发性化合物。机械损伤的甘蓝和小菜蛾、菜粉蝶及蜗牛为害的甘蓝释放的挥发物引诱菜粉蝶绒茧蜂。小菜蛾为害甘蓝释放的挥发物引诱菜蛾绒茧蜂。小菜蛾性信息素基本成分是顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯醛和顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯乙酸酯。当顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯醛、顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯乙酸酯和顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯醇以 5∶5∶0 1或顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯醛、顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯乙酸酯、顺 -1 1 -十六碳烯醇和顺 -9-十四碳烯乙酸酯按70∶3 0∶1∶0 0 1比例制成的诱芯诱蛾效果较好。宜深入探究寄主植物—小菜蛾—菜蛾绒茧蜂间的通讯机制 ,开发高效诱芯。

Chemical ecology of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella:progress and prospect

Effects of several plant volatiles on attractiveness or deterring oviposition or feeding of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) were reviewed. The intact, mechanically damaged and Pieris rapae feeding cabbages emitted over 70 volatile components, including alcohol, aldehyde, ester, ketone, sulphides, carboxylic acids, isothiocyanates and terpenes. The volatiles from mechanically damaged, or from P. xylostella, Pieris rapae and snail feeding cabbages attracted Cotesia glomeratus. The volatiles emitted from cabbages feeded by P. xylostella attracted Cotesia plutellae. The primary sex pheromone components of P. xylostella were (Z)\|11\|hexadecenal and (Z) \|11\|hexadecenyl acetate. The lures made from (Z)\|11\|hexadecenal, (Z)\|11\|hexadecenyl acetate and synergetic component (Z)\|11\|hexadecenol in the ratio of 5∶5∶0\^1, or (Z)\|11\|hexadecenal, (Z)\|11\|hexadecenyl acetate, (Z)\|11\|hexadecenol and cis\|9\|tetradecenyl acetate in the ratio of 70∶30∶1∶0\^01 had strong attractive effect to male moths. The chemical communication mechanism in the tritrophic system, host plant\| Plutella xylostella\|Cotesia plutellae should be more deeply investigated, for developing more effective pheromonal lures.