太阳能灭虫器对吐鲁番葡萄产区害虫的诱捕效果及对天敌安全性评价

本文研究了FWS-DBL-1新型太阳能灭虫器在320～580、360、400、460和520 nm 5种不同波长下对吐鲁番葡萄产区害虫的诱捕效果及对天敌安全性。结果表明:在5种波长下,灭虫器诱捕昆虫的种类相似,以鞘翅目、鳞翅目、半翅目、脉翅目、双翅目、直翅目和膜翅目等为主。诱捕的主要昆虫是蜉金龟Aphodius sp.、白云斑鳃金龟Polyphylla alba vicaria Semenov、额喙丽金龟Adoretus nigriforns Steven、毛喙丽金龟Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus、绣罗夜蛾Leucanitis picta Christoph和淘赏夜蛾Catocala puerpera Giorna等。其中:灭虫器在400 nm波长下的诱捕量最多,其次是320～580 nm和360 nm波长。综合分析比较:400 nm波长对鞘翅目害虫的诱捕效果最好,360 nm波长对鳞翅目和双翅目害虫的诱捕能力最强,520 nm波长对半翅目害虫的诱捕效果最好。对天敌的安全性研究表明:FWS-DBL-1太阳能灭虫器对天敌有一定的诱捕作用,益害比为1∶4～1∶5。诱捕量较多的是步甲科和草蛉科的天敌,占天敌总诱捕量的85.82%。在这5个波长中,360 nm波长下,灭虫器对天敌的诱捕作用最小,对天敌的安全性相对较高。

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the FWS-DBL-1 solar insect killer and its safety with respect to predatory insects in the Turpan grape growing region

The effectiveness of the FWS-DBL-1 solar insect killer at killing pest insects and its safety with regard to their natural enemies was investigated in the Turpan grape growing region. The results indicate that the species of insects trapped at 5 different light wavelengths （320 - 580, 360, 400, 460 and 520 nm） were very similar. The main insects caught were from the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Orthoptera and Hymenoptera, the main species being Aphodius sp. , Polyphylla alba vicaria Semenov, Adoretus nigriforns Steven, Adoretus hirsutus Ohaus, Leucanitis picta Christoph and Catocala puerpera Giorna. The number of insects trapped did, however, differ between the 5 wavelengths tested; most insects were caught at 400 nm, a lesser number at 320 - 580 nm and the least at 360 nm. Most Coleoptera were caught at 400 nm but most Lepidoptera and Diptera were caught at 360 nm and most Hemiptera at 520 nm. With regard to catching the natural enemies of insect pests, ratios of natural enemies to pests ranged from 1：4 - 1 ： 5. Chrysopidae and Carabidae were the main natural enemies caught comprising 85.82% of the total. The least quantity of natural enemies was trapped at 360 nm.