外源基因导入对棉花烟粉虱种群的影响

以转基因棉花和对应的常规棉花亲本为材料,探讨外源基因导入对棉花烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)种群的影响。结果表明,在转基因棉花GK12、33B、SGK上,烟粉虱从卵发育到成虫羽化的历期分别为15.56、15.35和15.25 d,较对应的常规棉亲本SM3(19.38 d)、33(20.81 d)、SY321(18.76 d)分别短24.55%、26.23%、18.71%;GK12和33B棉花上烟粉虱的存活率(69.16%)分别较对应的常规棉亲本SM3(54.76%)和33(64.91%)高26.29%和12.81%,而SGK(63.21%)上烟粉虱的存活率与对应的常规棉亲本SY321(62.61%)之间差异不显著;烟粉虱在GK12(84.00)和33B(77.25)上的产卵量分别较SM3(62.25)、33(70.00)高34.93%和10.35%,但SGK和SY321之间差异不显著;在转基因棉花GK12、33B、SGK上,烟粉虱的雌雄性比分别比对应的常规棉亲本高26.71%、46.23%和19.17%。结果表明,外源基因导入后,有助于烟粉虱的发育,提高了烟粉虱的产卵量和雌雄性比,从而促进了烟粉虱种群的上升。

Effects of the expression of foreign insect-resistant genes in cotton plants on Bemisia tabaci

The effects of expression of foreign insect-resistant genes in cotton plants on Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） were studied. Developmental durations（from egg to adult）of B. tabaci on three different varieties of transgenic Bt cotton plants, GK12, 33B and SGK, were 15.56, 15.35, and 15.25 d, respectively. These were respectively 24.55% , 26.23% and 18.71% shorter than those on the conventional parental cotton varieties SM3,33 and SY321. The survival rates of B. tabaci on the transgenic Bt cotton varieties GK12 and 33B were 69.16% and 73.23% respectively, which were 26.29% and 12.81% higher than those on the parental varieties of these plants SM3 and 33 （54.76% and 64.91% ）. There was no significant difference in the survival rate of B. tabaci on the transgenic Bt cotton variety GK12 （63.21%） and its parental variety SY321 （62.61%）. The fecundity of B. tabaci on the transgenic Bt cotton varieties GK12 and 33B was 84.00% and 77.25% , which was 34.93% and 10.35% higher than that on the parental varieties SM3 （62.25%） and 33 （70.00%）. There was no significant difference in the fecundity of B. tabaci on SGK and SY321. The percentage of female B. tabaci on the transgenic Bt cotton plants GK12, 33B and SGK was 26.71% , 46.23% and 19. 17% higher, respectively, to that on the parental varieties SM3, 33 and SGK. These resuhs indicate that the introduction of the foreign Bt gene promoted the development of B. tabaci and increased oviposition and the percentage of females of this pest on cotton plants.