短时高温对金银花贮藏期害虫锯谷盗存活及繁殖的影响

【目的】了解短时高温对金银花Lonicera japonica Thunb.贮藏期害虫锯谷盗Oryzaephilus surinamensis(Linnaeus)存活及繁殖的影响。【方法】在室内测定了锯谷盗成虫经36、39、42、45、48℃高温处1、3、5、7 h后成虫存活率、产卵前期、产卵期、产卵量及F_1代孵化率和羽化率的差异。【结果】短时高温对锯谷盗成虫存活率、产卵前期、产卵期、产卵量及F_1代孵化率和羽化率均有显著影响,在36~48℃范围内,随着温度升高和时间的延长,成虫存活率不断下降、产卵前期不断延长、产卵期不断缩短、产卵量不断下降、F_1代孵化率和羽化率不断下降。经36、39、42、45、48℃高温处理7 h后,成虫存活率分别比对照下降了29.19%、34.47%、39.84%、55.64%和66.68%,产卵前期分别比对照延长了2.06、3.48、4.88、6.51、8.31 d,产卵期分别比对照缩短了4.99、7.89、12.07、16.89、23.14 d,产卵量分别比对照降低了52.26、61.06、70.82、82.87、92.97粒,F_1代孵化率分别比对照下降了21.52%、44.27%、73.44%、97.16%、100%,羽化率分别比对照下降了20.61%、32.85%、57.59%、95.15%、100%。方差分析显示,温度和时间的交互作用对成虫的存活率、F_1代的孵化率和羽化率均有显著影响(P<0.05),而对成虫产卵前期、产卵期和产卵量的影响不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】短时高温对金银花贮藏期害虫锯谷盗存活及繁殖有显著的影响,引起存活率及繁殖力显著下降。

Effects of brief exposure to high temperature on the survival and reproduction of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus) during the storage period of Lonicera japonica Thunb

Objectives] This study aims to evaluate the effects of brief exposure to high temperatures on the survival and reproduction of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus) during the storage period of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Methods] The survival rate, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, number of eggs laid per female, hatching rate, and eclosion rate of F1 progeny of O. surinamensis were measured under laboratory conditions after adults were exposed to temperatures of 36, 39, 42, 45 and 48℃for either 1, 3, 5 or 7 hours. Results] Brief exposure to high temperatures had a significant effect on the survival rate, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, number of eggs laid per female, hatching rate and eclosion rate. With increasing duration of exposure to temperatures in the range of 36-48℃, adult survival rate decreased, the pre-oviposition period was prolonged, the oviposition period decreased, the number of eggs laid per female decreased, and the hatching and eclosion rates of F1 progeny decreased. Exposure to each of the five temperatures for 7 h respectively decreased the adult survival rate by 29.19%, 34.47%, 39.84%, 55.64%and 66.68%, prolonged the pre-oviposition period by 2.06, 3.48, 4.88, 6.51 and 8.31 d, shortened the oviposition period by 4.99, 7.89, 12.07, 16.89 and 23.14 d, decreased the number of eggs laid per female by 52.26, 61.06, 70.82, 82.87 and 92.97, decreased the hatching rate of F1 progeny by 21.52%, 44.27%, 73.44%, 97.16%and 100%, and decreased the eclosion rate of F1 progeny by 20.61%, 32.85%, 57.59%, 95.15% and 100%. A two-way ANOVA indicated a significant interaction between temperature and time on adult survival rate, hatching rate, and eclosion rate of F1 progeny (P<0.05), but not on pre-oviposition period, oviposition period and the number of eggs laid per female (P>0.05). Conclusion] Brief exposure to high temperatures significantly reduced the survival and reproduction of O. surinamensis (Linnaeus) during the storage period of L. japonica.