蜜蜂蜂王与工蜂级型分化研究进展

蜜蜂ApismekiferaL .是典型的社会性昆虫 ,蜂王和工蜂都是由受精卵发育而来的二倍体成蜂 ,但是在形态、生理、行为等方面有明显的差异 ,属于不同的级型。蜂王和工蜂的级型分化的关键时期发生在幼虫的 4龄末至 5龄止。分化是由分化基因调控的 ,幼虫期食物的质和量是分化的外部决定因子。JH对两级型中卵巢的分化有非常重要的调控作用。蜜蜂脑或其它组织中可能有分泌调控CA的咽侧体调节激素 ,它们通过对CA中JH的合成和分泌的调控而参与了分化的调控。章鱼胺等生物胺也参与了分化调控过程。

Research progress on the queen-worker caste differentiation in the honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Honeybee Apis mekifera typically is a social insect species. Queen and worker are both diploids developed from fertilized eggs, but they have distinctive differences in morphology, physiology, behavior etc, belonging to two castes. The crucial period of differentiation of queen and worker is between the end of 4 th instar and 5 th instar. The differentiation is regulated by some genes, but the food of female larvae is the extrinsic decisive factor. Juvenile hormone (JH) is a very important factor regulating the differentiation of ovary in both castes. Those allatoregulatory peptides found in other insects, which could regulate the activity of corpora allata (CA), may also exist in the brain and other tissues of the honeybee. Biogenetic amines such as octopamine also take part in regulation of caste differentiation.