烟粉虱生物型的监测及其遗传结构研究

烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)是一种重要的农业害虫并包括许多生物型,其中B型和Q型是入侵性较强的2种生物型。文章着重介绍近年来在烟粉虱生物型的监测及其遗传结构方面的研究进展。B型烟粉虱和Q型烟粉虱这2个生物型均已入侵我国,其中多数地区烟粉虱是B型烟粉虱,局部地区有Q型烟粉虱并呈现不断蔓延趋势。微卫星(SSR)分子标记分析结果表明我国B型烟粉虱的入侵来源具有多元化,而云南地区Q型烟粉虱来源比较单一。化学农药的使用能够影响室内种群的遗传结构,降低种群的遗传多样性。基于RAPD、ISSR分子标记的分析结果表明,Q型烟粉虱种群各项遗传多样性指数均比B型烟粉虱的高。今后加强烟粉虱入侵生物型的遗传结构及其种群动态关系等方面的研究,对于揭示烟粉虱的灾变机制及其控制具有重要的意义。

Bemisia tabaci: biotype monitoring and genetic structure analysis

Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)is an important agricultural pest including many biotypes.Biotype B and biotype Q are two invasive biotypes that have invaded into many countries.The present paper introduced the progress in biotype monitoring of the pest and genetic structure analysis during recent years.Biotype B and biotype Q of B.tabaci have invaded into China.Biotype B was the predominant biotype in most regions of China, while biotype Q occurred only in part of China, which has been spreading during recent years.The microsatellite marker revealed that biotype B in China comes from several sources but biotype Q in Yunnan province comes from a single source.The application of insecticide could affect the genetic structure and decrease the genetic diversity.The analysis of genetic diversity using RAPD and ISSR marker revealed that the indices of biotype Q were higher than that of biotype B.The genetic structure of the invaded biotypes and their population dynamics should be further studied, which is significant to the reveal of the catastrophic mechanism and the control of the pest.