| 大豆蚜对环境的适应及对大豆产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 许国庆,陈彦,王兴亚,刘培斌,徐蕾,赵彤华.大豆蚜对环境的适应及对大豆产量的影响[J].昆虫知识,2011,48(6):1638-1645. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许国庆 陈彦 王兴亚 刘培斌 徐蕾 赵彤华 |
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| 作者单位： | 辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所 沈阳110161 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目“作物蚜虫综合防控技术研究与示范推广”(201103022) |
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| 摘 要： | 2009-2010年,以辽东山区大豆主产区岫岩县作为试验点,系统调查了大豆蚜Aphis glycines Matsumura正常型蚜和小型蚜的种群动态,研究了蜡蚧轮枝菌Verticillium lecanii(Zimmerman)Viegas、豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall、异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)对大豆蚜正常型蚜和小型蚜的寄生与捕食作用;另外,也研究了降雨对小型蚜和正常型蚜的冲刷作用,以及小型蚜对大豆产量的影响等。研究结果表明,7月上中旬为大豆蚜小型蚜发生初期,7月下旬—8月上旬为小型蚜发生高峰期,2010年小型蚜平均蚜量达10000头/百株以上。此外,通过比较大豆蚜正常型蚜和小型蚜排蜜量,发现正常型蚜与小型蚜在30min内的排蜜频率差异极其显著,正常型蚜排蜜次数明显多于小型蚜。蜡蚧轮枝菌对大豆蚜小型蚜的侵染较正常型低,前者被侵染率低于3%,后者被侵染率高达25%。豆柄瘤蚜茧蜂对正常型蚜的寄生率较小型蚜高,寄生率分别为43.41%和0.58%。异色瓢虫3龄幼虫对正常型蚜和小型蚜的捕食率分别为80.24%和36.36%。降雨对小型蚜冲刷作用明显低于正常型蚜。最后,通过对单株蚜量与单株产量进行单因素方差分析,结果表明,单株小型蚜量对产量影响不显著(F=0.378;df=7,1;P>0.05)。上述研究为明确大豆蚜的发生与为害、小型蚜适应环境的生存机制以及自然天敌对大豆蚜的田间控制作用,进而为大豆蚜的可持续控制提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 大豆蚜 种群动态 天敌 产量 |
Adaptation of the dwarf forms of soybean aphid,Aphis glycines to environment and impact on soybean yield |
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| XU Guo-Qing
,
CHEN Yan
,
WANG Xing-Ya
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LIU Pei-Bin
,
XU Lei
,
ZHAO Tong-Hua.Adaptation of the dwarf forms of soybean aphid,Aphis glycines to environment and impact on soybean yield[J].Entomological Knowledge,2011,48(6):1638-1645. |
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| Authors: | XU Guo-Qing CHEN Yan WANG Xing-Ya LIU Pei-Bin XU Lei ZHAO Tong-Hua |
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| Institution: | XU Guo-Qing CHEN Yan WANG Xing-Ya LIU Pei-Bin XU Lei ZHAO Tong-Hua(Institute of Plant Protection,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China) |
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| Abstract: | The population dynamics of the dwarf form of the soybean aphid,Aphis glycines Matsumura,was investigated in 2009 and 2010 in Xiuyan County,eastern Liaoning,one of the main soybean production areas in China.Fungal parasitism of this pest by Verticillium lecanii(Zimmerman) Viegas and Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall and predation on it by Harmonia axyridis(Pallas) were also investigated.In addition,research was conducted on the effect on this species of rainfall,and on its impact on soybean yield.The results indi... |
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| Keywords: | Aphis glycines population dynamics natural enemy yield |
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