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荒漠景观拟步甲科昆虫多样性及其对生境的指示作用
引用本文:张大治,陈曦,贺达汉.荒漠景观拟步甲科昆虫多样性及其对生境的指示作用[J].昆虫知识,2012,49(1):229-235.
作者姓名:张大治  陈曦  贺达汉
作者单位:1. 宁夏大学生命科学学院 银川750021;宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室 银川750021
2. 宁夏大学农学院 银川750021;宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室 银川750021
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,宁夏自然科学基金,宁夏大学自然科学基金
摘    要:本研究在宁夏灵武白芨滩国家级自然保护区北部荒漠景观下的磁窑堡地区,选取典型荒漠草原区(DS)、人工柠条林种植区(CCL1,CCL2)及流沙人工封育区(SDE1,SDE2,SDE3)3类生境共6块样地,于2010年4月至8月以巴氏罐诱法采集该地区拟步甲科昆虫,研究该地区拟步甲科昆虫多样性及其对生境的指示作用。结果共获得标本3406头,计12属22种,其中东鳖甲属Anatolica和小鳖甲属Microdera为优势属,波氏东鳖甲Anatolica potanini Reitter、阿小鳖甲Microdera kraatz alashanica Skopin、小丽东鳖甲Anatolica amoenula Reitter和尖尾东鳖甲Anatolic amucronata Reitter为优势种。在流沙人工封育区的SDE1样地物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数最高,SDE3样地个体数量和优势度指数最高;人工柠条林种植区的CCL1样地个体数量最低。聚类分析结果表明流沙人工封育区与荒漠草原区、人工柠条种植区在物种组成及生境相似性方面差异较大。利用指示值法确定不同生境的特征指示种类,结果显示波氏东鳖甲、谢氏宽漠王Mantichorula semenowiReitter、尖尾东鳖甲可作为流沙封育区特征指示种;突角漠甲Trigonocnera pseudopimelia(Reitter)、中华砚甲Cyphogenia chinensis(Faldermann)和纳氏东鳖甲AnatolicanuretiSchusteretReymond可作为荒漠草原特征指示种;蒙古漠王Platyope mongolica Faldermann、多毛宽漠甲Sternoplax setosa setosa(Bates)、克小鳖甲Microdera kraatzi(Reitter)是生境恢复的监测种;小丽东鳖甲Anatolica amoenula Reitter等种类可作为生境退化的监测种。

关 键 词:拟步甲  荒漠景观  昆虫多样性  指示种  白芨滩国家级自然保护区

Species diversity of darkling beetles in desert landscape and their value as bioindicators
ZHANG Da-Zhi , CHEN Xi , HE Da-Han.Species diversity of darkling beetles in desert landscape and their value as bioindicators[J].Entomological Knowledge,2012,49(1):229-235.
Authors:ZHANG Da-Zhi  CHEN Xi  HE Da-Han
Institution:1.School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2.School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 3.Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in North-western China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.)
Abstract:The species diversity of darkling beetles in six plots within Desert Steppe (DS), Cultivated Caragana Land (CCL1, CCL2) and Shifting Dune Enclosures (SDE1, SDE2, SDE3) in the Ningxia Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve was surveyed from April to August in 2010. A total of 3 406 darkling beetles were collected by pitfall traps. The results show that all specimens belonged to 22 species and 12 genera. Anatolica and Microdera were the dominant genera and Anatolica potanini Reitter, Anatolica kraatz alashanica Skopin, Anatolica amoenula Reitter and Anatolica mucronata Reitter were the dominant species. Species richness, evenness and diversity were highest in the SDE1 plot. The dominance index and number of individuals were the highest in SDE3 plot. The CCL1 plot had the lowest number of beetles. Cluster analysis indicates that the community structure and habitat of the SDE and DS plots were quite dissimilar. Using the indicator-value (IndVals) method to analysis species as an indicator of habitat, the results show that A. potanini, Mantichorula semenowi Reitter , A. mucronata were indicators of SDE. Trigonocnera pseudopimelia (Reitter) , Cyphogenia chinensis (Faldermann) and A. nureti were indicators of DS. Platyope mongolica Faldermann,Sternoplax setosa setosa (Bates) and Microdera kraatzi (Reitter) can be regarded as indicators of habitat restoration in desert regions and A. amoenula can be regarded as an indicator of habitat degradation in desert regions.
Keywords:darkling beetles  desert landscape  insect diversity  bioindicator  Beijitan National Nature Reserve
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